introduction: the regulation of the body fluid content (osmoregulation) of an aquatic animal, is performed by several organs. in fish, osmoregulatory mechanisms are based on the function of specialized cells (ionocytes) located in various tissues and organs including gills. na+, k+-atpase is one of the main osmoregulatory enzymes enabling the use of atp as a source of energy for ion transport t...

influence of folic acid on the cns is still unclear. folate has a neuroprotective effect, while on the other hand excess folate can exacerbate seizures in epileptics. the aim of the present study was to examine the effect of subchronic administration of folic acid on behavioural and electroencephalographic (eeg) characteristics of dl homocysteine thiolactone induced seizures in adult rats. t...

The vacuolar-type ATPase (V-ATPase) is a multisubunit protein composed of the cytosolic adenosine triphosphate (ATP) hydrolysis catalyzing V 1 complex, and integral membrane o , responsible for proton translocation. largest subunit a, enables translocation upon ATP hydrolysis, mediated by complex. Four known isoforms (a1–a4) are expressed in different cellular locations. Subunit a1 (also as a1)...

macrobrachium rosenbergii lifecycle is unique so that the adults thrive in freshwater and larval development requires brackish water environments near to estuaries as close as possible to larval body isosmotic for minimum na/k-atpase activity and maximum atp storage. osmoregulation system at early larval stages is not formed and larval osmoregulation is mainly attributed to na/k-atpase activity...

Background. Chaotic and improper angiogenesis in the tumor tissue causes deficit O2 perfusion tumors, a decreased capacity to deliver nutrients remove metabolism products from cells, creating preconditions for formation of hypoxic alkaline microenvironment which drives progression, invasion metastases. Recent studies have shown that use proton pump inhibitors (PPIs) increases sensitivity cells ...

A 60-days feeding trial was conducted to study the effect of higher temperature (32°C) in comparison to ambient temperature (24.5°C) on different metabolic enzyme namely, aspartate aminotransferase (AST), alanine aminotransferase (ALT), adenosine triphosphatase (ATPase), acid phosphatase (ACP) & alkaline phosphatase (ALP) activities in different tissues of Pangasianodon hypophthalmus. AST activ...

objective: changes in chloride cell abundance, na+, k+-atpase immunolocalization and activity were investigated in the gills of the golden grey mullet, liza aurata, fry acclimated to freshwater (fw) and different salinities (12‰, 36‰ and 46‰). materials and methods: na+, k+-atpase localization was performed through immunofluorescence light microscopy using a mouse monoclonal antibody iggα5. qua...

this study was carried out to determine the appropriate size of caspian trout ( salmo caspius kessler, 1877) juveniles for releasing into the rivers that enter south of the caspian sea for stock enhancement, or possibility of cage culture in the caspian sea. a total of 1611 specimens in 4 weight groups of 5, 10, 15 and 20g were exposed to 3 salinity trials which include caspian sea water (11- 1...