Repeated high dose (5.0 mg/kg) anabolic-androgenic steroid (AAS) exposure during adolescence stimulates offensive aggression in male Syrian hamsters. These studies examined whether AAS-induced aggression was regulated by the activity of serotonin (5HT) type-1B receptors and correlated with altered 5HT1B expression. AAS-treated hamsters were tested for offensive aggression following the administ...

Anabolic androgenic steroids (AAS) comprise a large and growing class of synthetic androgens used clinically to promote tissue-building in individuals suffering from genetic disorders, injuries, and diseases. Despite these beneficial therapeutic applications, the predominant use of AAS is illicit: these steroids are self-administered to promote athletic performance and body image. Hand in hand ...

BACKGROUND The incidence of hyperkalemia caused by mineralocorticoid receptor antagonists may vary by race, but whether race influences efficacy of mineralocorticoid receptor antagonists in heart failure (HF) is unknown. METHODS AND RESULTS We assessed hyperkalemia and outcomes in African Americans (AAs; n=120) and non-AAs (n=1543; white 93%) with New York Heart Association (NYHA) class III o...

This document purpose is to replace the entire section 6.2.7.13 of working document IEEE 802.16ab-01/01r1 named: “sub-11 Ghz support for advanced antenna technology”, in order to improve, clarify and provide a more accurate and specific text. The content of this new text is based on the same concept and architecture as the original section with modifications. The text reflects a consolidation o...

In hamsters (Mesocricetus auratus), anabolic-androgenic steroid (AAS) exposure during adolescence facilitates offensive aggression that is modulated, in part, by serotonin (5-HT) signaling and development and by signaling and expression of 5-HT1B receptors. To examine whether these effects are persistent or reversible, the authors administered AAS to hamsters, then examined them for aggression ...

There is still controversy about the relation between changes in myocardial contractile function and global left ventricular (LV) performance during stable concentric hypertrophy. To clarify this, we analyzed LV function in vivo and myocardial mechanics in vitro in rats with pressure overload-induced cardiac hypertrophy. Male Wistar rats (70 g) underwent ascending aortic stenosis for 8 weeks (g...

BACKGROUND This study investigates the use of anabolic androgenic steroids (AAS) among a national representative sample of high school students in Iceland. We test several hypotheses drawn from three perspectives. The first perspective focuses on the use of AAS as an individual phenomenon motivated by the desire to succeed in sport. The second perspective views the use of AAS as shaped by norms...

INTRODUCTION AND OBJECTIVES Because acute aortic syndrome (AAS) is associated with high mortality, early diagnosis and treatment are vital. The aim of the Spanish Acute Aortic Syndrome Study (RESA) was to investigate the effectiveness of current treatment of AAS in a broad range of tertiary care hospitals in Spain. METHODS Between January 2005 and December 2007, 24 tertiary care hospitals rep...

Hypothalamic orexin/hypocretin (orx/hcrt) neurons regulate energy balance, wakefulness, and reward; their loss produces narcolepsy and weight gain. Glucose can lower the activity of orx/hcrt cells, but whether other dietary macronutrients have similar effects is unclear. We show that orx/hcrt cells are stimulated by nutritionally relevant mixtures of amino acids (AAs), both in brain slice patch...

Anabolic Androgenic Steroids (AAS) abuse and misuse is nowadays a harmful habit involving both professional or recreational athletes, as well as general population. AAS are also frequently present in over-the-counter dietary supplements without being declared in the list of ingredients, leaving consumers unaware of the risks of adverse effects. Indeed, health risks of AAS consumption in pharmac...