The drug 3, 4 diaminopyridine (DAP) is a potassium channel blocker, closely related to 4-aminopyridine. Like 4-AP, DAP blocks the voltage-sensitive potassium channel. However, unlike 4-AP, DAP does not cross the blood brain barrier unless the barrier is broken. DAP therefore should be well suited for treating peripheral demyelination and have less central nervous system mediated side-effects. M...

Death-associated protein kinase (DAP-Kinase) is a novel serine/threonine kinase whose expression is required for g interferon-induced apoptosis. A previous study suggested that DAP-Kinase expression may be lost epigenetically in cancer cell lines, because treatment of several nonexpressing cell lines with 5-aza-28-deoxycytidine resulted in the expression of DAP-Kinase. Using methylation-specifi...

BACKGROUND The lipopeptide antibiotic, daptomycin (DAP) interacts with the bacterial cell membrane (CM). Development of DAP resistance during therapy in a clinical strain of Enterococcus faecalis was associated with mutations in genes encoding enzymes involved in cell envelope homeostasis and phospholipid metabolism. Here we characterized changes in CM phospholipid profiles associated with deve...

High-dose daptomycin (DAP) therapy failed in a neutropenic patient with bloodstream infection caused by a DAP-susceptible Enterococcus faecium (minimum inhibitory concentration, 3 µg/mL) harboring genetic changes associated with DAP resistance, with persistent bacteremia and selection of additional resistances. Daptomycin monotherapy should be used cautiously against DAP-susceptible E. faecium ...

Total (with one peak) and separate three stereoisomers of 2,6-diaminopimelic acid (DAP) in hydrolysed bacterial species and mixed rumen bacteria were determined. The contents of the total DAP of the hydrolysed mixed rumen bacteria collected from sheep and cattle on the average were 30.1 and 12.3 μmol g bacterial DM . The contents of mesoand LLDAP in the hydrolysed mixed rumen bacteria collected...

The accumulation of glutamate can excessively activate the N-methyl-d-aspartate (NMDA) receptors and cause excitotoxicity. Daphnetin (Dap), a coumarin derivative, is a protein kinase inhibitor that exhibits antioxidant and neuroprotective properties. However, little is known about the neuroprotective effects of Dap on glutamate-induced excitotoxicity. We evaluated the neuroprotective activities...

The ESR spectrum of calcium-deficient hydroxyapatite (DAp) has the peaks assigned to the hyperfine structure of dangling H+ (hyperfine coupling constant = 50.8 mT, I = 1/2) due to the HPO(4)2- ion which captured the hole released by X ray irradiation. This ESR peak intensity in DAp with collagen (c-DAp) decreased in an increase in the amount of collagen added into Ca(H2PO4)2H2O (MCP) electrolyt...

Mycobacterial peptidoglycan contains L-alanyl-D-iso-glutaminyl-meso-diaminopimelyl-D-alanyl-D-alanine peptides, with the exception of the peptidoglycan of Mycobacterium leprae, in which glycine replaces the L-alanyl residue. The third-position amino acid of the peptides is where peptidoglycan cross-linking occurs, either between the meso-diaminopimelate (DAP) moiety of one peptide and the penul...

K(+) channel blockers like 3,4-diaminopyridine (DAP) can double isometric muscle force. Functional movements require more complex concentric and eccentric contractions, however the effects of K(+) channel blockade on these types of contractions in situ are unknown. Extensor digitorum longus (EDL) muscles were stimulated in situ with and without DAP in anesthetized rats and fatigability was addr...

The objective of the present investigation was to evaluate the immunomodulating properties of tetramethylenebisacetamide (N,N' 1-diacetylputrescine, DAP), a known inducer of cellular differentiation. We examined the effect of DAP administration in vivo on splenic and nonadherent peritoneal natural killer (NK) cell activity. A single i.p. injection of DAP (100 mg/kg) enhanced cytolytic activity ...