the disposition and cellular organization of the endocrine pancreas were studied in three species of freshwater teleosts viz., labeo bata (hamilton, 1822), sperata aor (hamilton, 1822) and chitala chitala (hamilton, 1822) using histological techniques. in l. bata, the endocrine pancreas tissues were mainly distributed in the adipose tissue among the intestinal coils and adjacent to extrahepatic...

Nerve growth factor (NGF) is a neurotrophic factor that is functional in the survival, maintenance and differentiation of nervous system cells. This protein has three subunits, of which the beta subunit has the main activity. Its structure consists of a cysteine knot motif made up of beta strands linked by disulfide bonds. It can be used as a therapeutic agent in the treatment of many diseases....

dunaliella salina was isolated from maharlu salt lake in shiraz, iran, and was analyzed forthe effects of salinity stress on its growth, pigment content and ascorbate peroxidase activity. growth,expressed as number of cells ml-1, which was most rapid at 2 m nacl, was reduced at salinity extremes.during the exponential phase of growth, increasing salinity from 0.5 to 4 m nacl increased chl a fro...

Background: Transforming growth factor (TGF)-β is over-expressed in a wide variety of cancers such as lung adenocarcinoma. TGF-β plays a major role in cancer progression through regulating cancer cell proliferation and remodeling of the tumor micro-environment. However, it is still a great challenge to explain the phenotypic effects caused by TGF-β stimulation and the effect of TGF-β stimulatio...

Pancreatic β-cell neogenesis in vivo holds great promise for cell replacement therapy diabetic patients, and discovering the relevant clinical therapeutic strategies would push it forward to application. Liraglutide, a widely used antidiabetic glucagon-like peptide-1 (GLP-1) analog, has displayed diverse β-cell-protective effects type 2 animals. Glucagon receptor (GCGR) monoclonal antibody (mAb...

The first phase of insulin secretion is altered during the early stages diabetes and followed by progressive loss ability glucose to stimulate secretion. primary causes secretory defects are still unknown. Better understanding signaling pathways linked activation G-protein–coupled receptors their mutual interactions in β-cells remains crucial. This represents a prerequisite for any strategy dev...

Objective: Helicobacter pylori has a well-established role in the development of gastric cancer. In vitro studies reveal increased proliferation of the gastric mucosa in the presence of H. pylori infection. It has been also shown that production of some cytokines, such as interleukin-1 beta (IL-1b) is in...

hla-g is normally expressed on human trophoblast cells. it is a non-classical mhc molecule class i b. the role of hla-g in diabetic type 1 is not known. we investigated the role of ifn-β in induction hla-g expression on the monocyte derived dendritic cells (dc) in diabetes type 1. treatment of dendritic cell with ifn-β in vitro from diabetic patients (n=20) and normal subjects (n=20) resulted t...