Resistance to drugs/antibiotics in pathogenic bacteria is a growing clinical concern, and the spread of resistant strains worldwide has been discombobulating public health, everywhere, exemplified with Pseudomonas, Staphylococcus and a few more pathogens[1]. Particularly, β-lactam antibiotics were known to be equally active against both Gram-positive and Gram-negative bacteria. But, the range o...

We present here the draft genome of Bacillus toyonensis VU-DES13, which was isolated from the midgut of the soil-living springtail Folsomia candida Previous research revealed the presence of gene clusters for the biosynthesis of various secondary metabolites, including β-lactam antibiotics, in the host's genome. The genome data are discussed in the light of the antimicrobial properties against ...

Extended-spectrum cephalosporins (ESC) are an important drug class for treating severe Salmonella infections. We screened the human collection from the National Antimicrobial Resistance Monitoring System 2000 for ESC resistance mechanisms. Of non-Typhi Salmonella tested, 3.2% (44/1,378) contained blaCMY genes. Novel findings included blaCMY-positive Escherichia coli O157:H7 and a blaSHV-positiv...

Urinary tract infections (UTIs) are among the most common diagnosed in clinical practice. Treatment is often initiated before microbiological confirmation and anti-microbial susceptibility testing. With rapidly rising antibiotic resistance treatment failures not uncommon. Beta-lactamase production by gram-negative bacteria causing UTI commonest mode of drug resistance. The aim current study was...

Background & Aims: The production of extended-spectrum-β-lactamases (ESBLs) is the main mechanism of resistance to β-lactam antibiotics. The outbreak of isolates simultaneously possessing several resistance mechanisms to β-lactam antibiotics caused a decrease in sensitivity of the confirmatory tests for ESBL. The aim of this study was the evaluation of the β-lactamase disk test method in the de...

The biosynthetic pathways of penicillins, cephalosporins and cephamycins are well known and most of the enzymes for the biosynthesis of these three classes of β-lactams have been now purified and characterized biochemically. However, the biosynthetic pathways for the more complex β-lactam (clavulanic acid, clavams and carbapenems) are still poorly known. Most of the genes for penicillins, cepha...

The common practice in antibacterial drug development has been to rapidly make an attempt to find ever-more stable and broad-spectrum variants for a particular antibiotic, once a drug resistance for that antibiotic is detected. We are now facing bacterial resistance toward our clinically relevant antibiotics of such a magnitude that the conversation for antimicrobial drug development ought to i...

A prospective analysis on β-lactam resistance mechanisms and β-lactamase prevalence was conducted on Prevotella intermedia and Prevotella nigrescens recovered from patients with chronic periodontitis and peritonsillar abscesses. Both phenotypic and genotypic methods were performed to characterize the β-lactamases, their coding genes and their genetic contexts. Overall, β-lactamase production wa...