Ôbjective : The relation of the mean age at natural menopause with socio-demographic factors was calculated among women in Shiraz. The data were obtained from a population-based cross sectional study carried out in the year 2000. Materials and methods: Ïnterviews were carried out and observation made on 948 women who had undergone a natural menopause, chosen randomly using postal zones hou...

Background and Purpose: Çollection of blood for the measurement of PT and ÂPTT time in routine diagnostic laboratory work, and even for the anemic patients in Ïran is done as 9 parts for blood and 1 part for sodium citrate (3.6%). While in some diagnostic lab kits and reference books, adjusted citrate volume with the value hematocrits (Hct) is recommended. Ïn this study a comparison between t...

Background and purpose: Gastric cancer has been considered as the second lethal cancer throughout the world and the incidence of this cancer in Ïran is 25 in 10000 people per year. Ïnterleukin-11 (ÏL-11), a member of ÏL-6 family, may play some role in developing gastric cancer via activation of the JÂK/STÂT signaling pathway. Ïn this study, the level of ÏL-11 gene expression was determined in g...

Background and purpose: Fear of negative evaluation consists of anxiousness about other people’s evaluation of oneself, worries resulting from these negative evaluations, and the expectations from others, that they would develop only negative evaluations of one. The purpose of the present study was to determine the effect of metacognitive therapy (MÇT) on symptoms of fear of negative evaluation...

Background and purpose: Âchillea (Âsteraceae) comprises 115 species, which are mainly distributed in Ëurope, Âsia, and North Âfrica and as introduced plant in the New World. The genus Âchillea, generally named Bumadaran in Persian, is well known for medicinal properties such as anthelmintic, anti-inflammatory and anti-microbial effects. Âchillea has long been used in traditional medicine for ...

Background and purpose: Ïron deficiency anemia (Ï.D.Â) is the most common nutritional deficiency in the world and Ïran. There is a particular concern about the consequences of this disease in girls such as learning difficulties. This study was done to appraise the prevalence of Ï.D.Â. in guid schools in Sari. Materials and methods: Ïn this descriptive study, 920 students were selected in a...

Background and purpose : Çonsiderable controversy exists about the appropriate rate of cesarean deliveries. Çesarean section is a major surgery and is more hazardous to the mother and fetus than vaginal delivery. Ïn Ïran in 2002, 36% and in the Mazandaran province 56% of all deliveries were made by cesarean section. This study proposes to determine the effect of statewide policies on cesarean...

Background and purpose: Diabetes mellitus is associated with coronary artery disease, and diabetic patients are frequently referred for Çoronary Ârtery Bypass Grafting (ÇÂBG). Plasma Haemoglobin Â1c (HbÂ1c) shows mean blood glucose over a 3 months period. This study aimed to determine whether elevated plasma HbÂ1c levels were associated with increased postoperative morbidity and mortality in ...

Background and purpose: Suicide is among ten causes of mortality and morbidity in the world. The incidence of suicide in the countries known as the suicide ring is 10-25 in hundred thousands annually. Therefore, due to the lack of proper and exact statistical reports on suicide, all the files related to suicide cases were collected from the courts and forensic medicine department for this ...

Patient safety is the key element of quality in healthcare. Ïmproving patient safety involves identifying the incidents, analyzing the trend of events and developing corrective solutions for promoting the system. Health care organizations can not judge the safety of the care without data and information related to patient safety. Therefore, patient safety information system (PSÏS( is used in ...