Exploitation of X-ray circular polarized beams to study forbidden Bragg reflections and new information that could be obtained in these experiments are discussed. It is shown the intensities such can different for right- left-circular polarizations ( i.e. exhibiting dichroism) even dipole–dipole resonant transitions involved scattering process. This difference observed only crystals having no c...

Greater than 1.5 microW of tunable wavelength-modulated 308-nm radiation was generated by sum-frequency mixing of 90 mW of 835-nm diode-laser output and 1.5 W of 488-nm Ar(+)-laser output in a beta-barium metaborate crystal. Hydroxyl radicals formed in a discharge-flow reactor were detected by use of the generated UV beam by direct absorption, wavelength-modulation absorption spectroscopy, and ...

A novel ultra-smoothing process for aluminum surfaces was developed using porous alumina formation and subsequent oxide dissolution. submicron-scale periodic dimpled surface with an arithmetic mean roughness of 31.5 nm prepared by anodizing in etidronic acid solution. This specimen then anodized a sodium metaborate (NaBO 2 ) solution to form unique film extremely flat barrier layer, which diffe...