Linear programming problems with alternate solutions are challenging due to the choice of multiple strategiesresulting in the same optimal value of the objective function. However, searching for these solutions is atedious task, especially when using mixed integer linear programming (MILP), as previously applied tometabolic models. Therefore, judgment on plurality of optimal m...

sensorless speed torque control of induction machines has been widely used in many industrial applications. the simple method of direct vector control can provide tacholess control as well as more complex approaches. in this method, the motor flux can be obtained by measuring voltage and current and integrating motor back electromotive force. the only required motor parameter is stator resistan...

Ions and neutrals in the weakly ionized plasma of an accretion disc are tightly bound because of the high ion–neutral collision frequency. A cluster of a statistically large number of ions and neutrals behaves as a fluid element having the charge of the ions and the mass of the neutrals. This fluid element is effectively a metaparticle having such an extremely small charge-to-mass ratio that it...

Multiphase induction machine; Rectangular air–gap flux; Third harmonic injection; Eleven-phase Abstract This paper presents a modified V/f control strategy using neural network with an improved flux pattern using third harmonic injection for multiphase induction machines. The control objective is to generate a nearly rectangular air–gap flux, resulting in an improved machine power density for t...

The methods presented in this work provide a potential tool for characterizing contaminant source zones in terms of mass flux. The problem was conceptualized by considering contaminant transport through a vertical "flux plane" located between a source zone and a downgradient region where contaminant concentrations were measured. The goal was to develop a robust method capable of providing a sta...

In-plane angular magnetoresistivity Deltarho(anis)(ab) measurements were made on Y(1-x)Pr(x)Ba(2)Cu(3)O(7-delta) single crystals in the pseudogap region. For x>/=0.2 single crystals, Deltarho(anis)(ab)(theta) displays a deviation from the typical quasiparticle contribution (proportional, sin((2)theta) for temperatures smaller than a certain value T(phi) in the pseudogap region. This deviation i...

Abstract. The U.S. EPA recently demonstrated that the open-path optical remote sensing technology could be used to identify hot spots and estimate mass flux of fugitive gases from closed landfills. The objective of this research was to validate this technology for estimating ammonia and methane emission from concentrated animal feeding operations (CAFOs). The technology utilizes the vertical ra...

Ions and neutrals in the weakly ionized plasma of an accretion disk are tightly bound because of the high ion-neutral collision frequency. A cluster of a statistically large number of ions and neutrals behaves as a fluid element having the charge of the ions and the mass of the neutrals. This fluid element is effectively a metaparticle having such an extremely small charge to mass ratio that it...

In the present paper a simple sensorless spccd estimation scheme is presented , where the speed information is obtained from the motor phase current ripple. The scheme measures the stator current phasor deviation direction to determine the back emf vector position during inverter zero vector switching states. This measurcment of rotor flux position is done indirectly by computing the motor back...

The Hamilton-Jacobi approach has proven to be a powerful and elegant method for extracting the skeleton of two-dimensional (2-D) shapes. The approach is based on the observation that the normalized flux associated with the inward evolution of the object boundary at nonskeletal points tends to zero as the size of the integration area tends to zero, while the flux is negative at the locations of ...