Vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) and inducible nitric-oxide synthase (iNOS) have been implicated in ischemia-induced retinal neovascularization. Retinal ischemia has been shown to induce VEGF and iNOS expression. It has been postulated that one of the crucial consequences of iNOS expression in the ischemic retina is the inhibition of angiogenesis. Furthermore, iNOS was shown to be over...

Twelve beef steers (368 +/- 25.3 kg) and four beef heifers (559 +/- 79.5 kg) fitted with ruminal cannulas were used to evaluate effects of yeast culture (YC) and advancing season on dietary chemical composition, intake, and in situ CP and NDF degradation. Treatments were control and YC supplementation (28.4 g.steer-1.d-1 dosed ruminally). Steers grazed from late June to early November 1991 on m...

Hypoxia-inducible factor-1alpha (HIF-1alpha) seems central to tumor growth and progression because it up-regulates genes essential for angiogenesis and the hypoxic adaptation of cancer cells, which is why HIF-1alpha inhibition is viewed as a cancer therapy strategy. Paradoxically, HIF-1alpha also leads to cell cycle arrest or the apoptosis of cancer cells. Thus, the possibility cannot be ruled ...

Yangjing capsule (YC), a traditional Chinese compound herbal preparation, has been proven as an effective drug to improve spermatogenesis in clinical practice. However, its pharmacological mechanisms were not fully clarified. This study was designed to investigate the protective effects of YC on spermatogenesis in the mouse model of spermatogenesis dysfunction induced by cyclophosphamide (CP). ...

In the rat isolated optic nerve, nitric oxide (NO) activates soluble guanylyl cyclase (sGC), resulting in a selective accumulation of cGMP in the axons. The axons are also selectively vulnerable to NO toxicity. The experiments initially aimed to determine any causative link between these two effects. It was shown, using a NONOate donor, that NO-induced axonal damage occurred independently of cG...

An altered expression of the Yc subunit gene of rat glutathione S-transferase (GST) in the liver of the LEC rat, which is a mutant strain with spontaneous hereditary hepatitis associated with severe jaundice, has been reported. To provide further information concerning the structure of the Yc subunit gene, we carried out the Southern blot hybridization analysis of DNA samples from rats of eight...

Nitric oxide (NO) is known to affect synaptic plasticity in various regions of the brain via the cGMP-cGMP-dependent protein kinase (PKG) pathway. We found that a novel compound 3-(5-hydroxymethyl-2-furyl)-1-benzyl-indazole (YC-1), a drug known to modulate the response of soluble guanylyl cyclase to NO, greatly potentiates long-term potentiation (LTP). This compound markedly enhanced the induct...

Multiparous (n = 26) and primiparous (n = 18) Holstein cows were fed prepartum and postpartum total mixed diets that were, or were not, supplemented with a yeast culture (YC) for approximately 23 d prepartum and 56 d postpartum. Multiparous cows supplemented with YC selected a prepartum diet higher in CP than did unsupplemented cows, although prepartum performance of cows of both parities, as a...

The study assessed the optimum incorporation rate of Borassus aethiopum (Ba) ripe fruits’ dried pulp in laying hens’ feed. So, 72 Isa Brown hens 37-week-old were allotted into 9 groups 8 each. Then, 3 control diets including 60% yellow corn (60%YC), 55.2% (55.2%YC) and white (60%WC) formulated. Additionally, 6 test made by substituting 5%; 7.5%; 10%; 12.5% 15% 60%WC Ba pulp...