The shape and structural evolution of Co nanoparticles embedded in SiO2 and subjected to swift heavy-ion irradiation have been investigated over a wide energy and fluence range. Modifications of the nanoparticle size and shape were characterized with transmission electron microscopy and small-angle x-ray scattering. Nanoparticles below a threshold diameter remained spherical in shape and progre...

in spite of the technologies developed during the last decade, the level of food loss is still high and is reported in many countries. according to the united nations, more than 30 per cent of the mortality rate world-wide is caused by alimentary diseases. the desire of most countries to make food safer for consumption requires better food preservation and production techniques. in this regard,...

nanocrystals of zno were prepared by microwave irradiation using zn (ii) acetate and triethanol amin (tea) as the starting materials and water as solvent. the nanocrystals of zno with hexagonal (wurtzite) structure were characterized by x-ray powder diffraction (xrd), transmission electron microscopy (tem), scanning electron microscopy (sem), uv-vis absorption and ftir spectroscopy techniques.

The administration of radioprotective compounds is one approach to preventing radiation damage in non-cancerous tissues. Therefore, radioprotective compounds are crucial in clinical radiotherapy. Selenium is a radioprotective compound that has been used in previous clinical studies of radiotherapy. However, evidence regarding the effectiveness of selenium in radiotherapy and the mechanisms unde...

To clarify the mechanisms underlying radiation-induced hematopoietic stem cell death, we investigated the effects of excessive ionizing radiation on the clonogenic potential of CD34(+) cells obtained from human umbilical cord blood under cytokine-free conditions. The CD34(+) cells were X-ray-irradiated (up to 2 Gy) and were cultured for 0-48 h under cytokine-free conditions. At various time-poi...

With extensive monitoring data spanning over 30 years from Vela 5B, Ariel 5, Ginga, Compton Gamma Ray Observatory, Rossi X-ray Timing Explorer and BeppoSAX, we find evidence for long-term X-ray variability on timescales ∼ 190–240 d from the black hole low-mass X-ray binary system GX339–4. Such variability resembles the outburst cycle of Z Cam-type dwarf novae, in which the standard disc instabi...

We investigated changes in the sub-cellular distribution of glycelaldehyde-3-phosphate dehydrogenase (GAPDH) after X-ray irradiation in HeLa cells. Twenty-four h after irradiation at 5 Gy, nuclear GAPDH levels increased 2.6-fold, whereas total GAPDH levels increased only 1.2-fold. Knockdown of GAPDH using specific small interfering RNA (siRNA) led to sensitization to X-ray-induced cell death. T...

We report on recent progress in our theoretical understanding of X-ray binaries, which has largely been driven by new observations, and illustrate the interplay between theory and observations considering as examples intermediate-mass X-ray binaries, irradiation-driven evolution, ultraluminous X-ray sources and neutron stars with low-velocity kicks.

objective: due to recent advances in nanotechnology it is now possible to accumulate high atomic-number nanomaterial such as gold nanoparticles (gnps) in cancerous cells and take advantage of their absorbed dose enhancement property as radiosensitizing agents. this study aimed to investigate the absorbed dose enhancement factor due to the presence of pegylated gnps under the irradiation of an m...

Introduction: Radiation therapy is one of the major modalities that have long been used in cancer treatment. Radiotherapy is often accompanied by early and late toxicity and side effects and narrow therapeutic window. Similarity in radiation absorption properties of tumors and neighboring healthy tissues is often the reason for low specificity of radiation therapy. Development ...