This article provides a brief critical examination of a 2002 report jointly issued by the World Health Organization and the World Trade Organization on WTO law and public health. The author argues that the report is in many respects misleading as to the content of WTO law, as interpreted by the Appellate Body of the WTO, its final court. In particular, the WHO/WTO report systematically understa...

Previous studies of WTO dispute settlement have sought to evaluate whether a Member’s legal capacity influences its odds of bringing litigation before the multilateral trade regime. Because direct measures of legal capacity are elusive, these studies have had to use indirect proxies, such as per capita income or number of delegates in Geneva. Yet, the reliability of these measures is questionab...

In this paper we examine how preferential trade liberalization affects the terms of trade, external tariffs and welfare of the integrating countries and the rest of the world. Our analysis is based on a three-country, three-good, general equilibrium model with symmetric customs union (CU) members. The model generalizes previous work by considering more general consumer preferences and productio...

the wto is an international organization which arranges international commercial rules and disputes settlements. increasingly joining of countries to the wto and movement for freedom of commercial regime in industrial or developing countries are deniable testimonies for globalization. gradual reduction of tariff and competition in exports and internal markets by their advantages have jeopardize...

The World Trade Organization Trade Facilitation Agreement (WTO TFA) has been ratified by the requisite two-thirds majority of WTO member states. Consequently all member states are now bound to implement the reforms covered by the agreement. The WTO TFA requires among its provisions the implementation of a post-clearance audit function in customs organizations which is risk-based. International ...

The World Trade Organization (WTO) has a significant impact on international business activities due to its actions and decisions that set the rules of trade. However, our understanding how WTO affects firm behavior is limited. Taking advantage variations in entry dates Organization, we perform difference-in-differences estimation examine whether country’s accession significantly increases firm...

[Abstract] By drawing on the new institutional economics, this paper presents the hypothesis that the rules-of-law specified by the World Trade Organization (WTO), as an exogenous institution for the Member States, theoretically will shape the Members’ domestic telecommunications regulatory institutions somewhat, but that the actual effects will be different and will depend on the institutional...

1 Associate Professor of Economics, Faculty of Economics, and Associate Dean, College of Public Health, Chulalongkorn University, Phyathai Street, Bangkok 10330, Thailand. 2 Assistant Professor, Director, Center for Health Economics, Faculty of Economics, Chulalongkorn University. International trade is built around international specialization and based upon comparative advantage. It is usuall...