The different uses of wood result in a hierarchy of carbon and energy impacts that can be characterized by their efficiency in displacing carbon emissions and/or in displacing fossil energy imports, both being current national objectives. When waste wood is used for biofuels (forest or mill residuals and thinnings) fossil fuels and their emissions are reduced without significant land use change...

The world’s political and economic decisions are increasingly determined by resource and energy scarcity and by climate change. In these circumstances, a balance must be achieved between economics, ecology and social welfare (sustainability), which was put forward at the end of the 20th century and has been irrevocably linked to forestry ever since. It is essential that the forest sector is pla...

Wood-inhabiting bacteria are associated with wood decay and may have an indirect influence on the decay process. Bacteria are able to affect wood permeability, attack wood structure, or work synergistically with other bacteria and soft-rot fungi to predispose wood to fungal attack. Bacteria that can inhabit chemically treated wood are recognized. The natural ability of certain bacterial genera ...

UNLABELLED BACKGROUND The default international accounting rules estimate the carbon emissions from forest products by assuming all harvest is immediately emitted to the atmosphere. This makes it difficult to assess the greenhouse gas (GHG) consequences of different forest management or manufacturing activities that maintain the storage of carbon. The Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Chang...

Carbon stocks in managed forests of Ontario, Canada, and in harvested wood products originated from these forests were estimated for 2010-2100. Simulations included four future forest harvesting scenarios based on historical harvesting levels (low, average, high, and maximum available) and a no-harvest scenario. In four harvesting scenarios, forest carbon stocks in Ontario's managed forest were...

The system of model building codes and voluntary product standards used in the United States for structural lumber and engineered wood products can appear complicated and confusing to those introduced to it for the first time. This paper discusses the various types of structural wood products commonly used in U.S. residential and commercial construction, and the system of building codes and pro...

Residential wood burning contributes to the total atmospheric aerosol burden; however, large uncertainties remain in the magnitude and characteristics of wood burning products. Primary emissions are influenced by a variety of parameters, including appliance type, burner wood load and wood type. In addition to directly emitted particles, previous laboratory studies have shown that oxidation of g...

the deficiency of wooden resources and rising demand of wood and paper products caused an increasing interest to the lignocellulose resources in the production of paper and wood composite production, such as bagasse. in khuzestan province for build units of wood and paper industries with the approach of using bagasse as a raw material, 6 main indicator and 35 sub-indicator were prioritization. ...