The neural encoding of intentions plays a special role in the human brain. Because various cognitive subprocesses are orchestrated with the purpose of realizing intentions, the neural representation of an intention should be the best predictor of current and future brain activity. For this reason our group has conducted a number of studies that attempt to identify the neural code with which int...

There are many kinds of collective and joint activities, as we all know. We can jointly write a paper, carry a table, sing a duet, and perform a toast to somebody. We can collectively conserve energy, vote in elections, love or fear supernatural beings, follow norms, create and uphold social institutions. Furthermore, crowds and organized groups can behave in meaningful ways e.g. a crowd can tr...

We show that standard Bayesian games cannot represent the full spectrum of belief-dependent preferences. However, by introducing a fundamental distinction between intended and actual strategies, we remove this limitation. We define Bayesian games with intentions, generalizing both Bayesian games and psychological games [5], and prove that Nash equilibria in psychological games correspond to a s...

abstract background and purpose: maternal request for cesarean section is a major influential factor in the rising trend of this childbirth mode. lack of knowledge and negative attitudes toward natural delivery are the main causes of this issue. this study aimed to review the strategies to increase the knowledge and change the attitudes and request of iranian pregnant women for caesarean sectio...

OBJECTIVES We studied the impact of noncardiac comorbidity on potentially preventable hospitalizations and mortality in elderly patients with chronic heart failure (CHF). BACKGROUND Chronic HF disproportionately affects older individuals, who typically have extensive comorbidity. However, little is known about how noncardiac comorbidity complicates care in these patients. METHODS This was a...

In this paper, we elaborate on our earlier work on modelling the mental states of PRS-like agents by considering the logical properties of intentions and various rationality postulates for PRS-like agents that are a consequence of this modelling, in particular Bratman’s asymmetry thesis, the side effect problem for intentions and Rao and Georgeff’s nontransference principles. We show that PRS-l...