Life table of Tetranychus urticae and Phytoseiulus persimilis on bean leaflets were studied under laboratory conditions in three seasons. For T. urticae the development time from egg to adult varied from 7 to 24 days and the highest immature mortality was 78.70 % in winter. Eggs laid by females were 88.1 eggs in autumn and 70.6 eggs in summer season. The gross reproductive rate (GRR) was the hi...

Large herbivore populations respond strongly to remotely sensed measures of primary productivity. Whereas most studies in seasonal environments have focused on the effects of spring plant phenology on juvenile survival, recent studies demonstrated that autumn nutrition also plays a crucial role. We tested for both direct and indirect (through body mass) effects of spring and autumn phenology on...

in this study spatial pattern of seasonal and annual precipitation in west mountainous region of iran were investigated using a 35 hydrological year from 1965/66-1999/00 in 170 meteorological stations. in order to evaluate and analyze spatial differences across study area, time distribution of precipitation during the year were also investigated using precipitation concentration index (pci). th...

Growth, molting, and development of larval Antarctic krill were investigated near Marguerite Bay during four cruises in austral autumn and winter 2001 and 2002, as part of the US Southern Ocean GLOBEC program. Overwintering survival of larvae has been linked to annual sea-ice formation and extent, as sea-ice biota may provide food when other sources are scarce in the water column. During autumn...

Previous population dynamics data, generated for Amblyomma parvum Aragão and Amblyomma cajennense (Fabricius) in Argentina and southeastern Brazil, have indicated that these ticks complete 1 generation per year, with larvae predominating in autumn, nymphs in winter, and mostly adults during spring and summer. The present study reports population dynamics data for free-living Amblyomma spp. tick...

Many temperate animals spend half their lives in a non-active, overwintering state, and multiple adaptations have evolved to enable winter survival. One notable vertebrate model is Chrysemys picta, whose hatchlings display dichotomous overwintering strategies: some hatchlings spend their first winter aquatically after nest emergence in the autumn, whereas others overwinter terrestrially within ...

Bell peppers grown in greenhouses in the Mediterranean region are frequently subjected to high temperatures in summer and low temperatures in winter. The present experiment was designed to quantify the effect of season on pepper fruit growth, maturation and ripening. Three bell pepper (Capsicum annuum L.) cultivars (Yolo Wonder, California Wonder and E84066) were cultivated in an unheated ...

The objective of the study was to determine seasonal variation in the concentration of tannins in wild bush tea (Athrixia phylicoides L.) leaves. The BuOH-HCl_Fe reagent was used to analyze condensed tannins, whereas hydrolysable tannin was analyzed using potassium iodate. The absorbance was measured using a spectrophotometer. Significant seasonal variations in both condensed and hydrolysable t...