landscape that has escaped erasure by heating from below is imprinted with generation after generation of intersecting Four distinct classes of lineaments can be described on the ridges at various scales and orientations. Relatively recent fracbasis of Galileo’s improved spectral and spatial coverage of tures expose coarse-grained, clean ice in the shallow subsurface, Europa: (1) incipient crac...

We conducted at-sea line transect surveys for Marbled Murrelets (Brachyramphus marmoratus) to determine density off the coast of central California and to explore the utility of various survey protocols. Surveys were designed to compare line versus strip transect methods, and reveal the effects of distance from shore, viewing conditions and seasonal trends on density estimates. On consecutive d...

Most deep-sea benthic ecosystems are food limited and, in the majority of cases, are driven by the organic matter falling from the surface or advected downslope. Species may adapt to this scarceness by applying a wide variety of responses, such as feeding specialisation, niche width variation, and reduction in metabolic rates. The Mediterranean Sea hosts a gradient of food availability at the d...

The isotopic composition of tree-ring cellulose was obtained over a two-year period from small diameter, riparian zone trees along an elevational transect in Big Cottonwood Canyon, Utah, USA to test for a possible temperature dependence of net biological fractionation during cellulose synthesis. The isotope ratios of stream water varied by only 3.6% and 0.2% in deltaD and delta18O, respectively...

[1] Nitrogen isotopes provide integrated information about nitrogen cycling in terrestrial ecosystems. This study explores the regional patterns of ecosystem N abundance along a 1200 km transect in Inner Mongolian grasslands and their relationships with climate. Results indicate that climatic variables control approximately 50% of the variation in ecosystem N abundance along the transect. Ecosy...

In the framework of the R.V. Polarstern expedition ‘‘Ice station POLarstern’’ (ISPOL) spatial and temporal trends in composition, abundance and age structure of sea ice inhabiting copepods were investigated in the western Weddell Sea during the transition from the spring to the summer state. For the spatial scale, sea-ice coring was performed at six locations on a transect from the ice edge to ...

Male Hypolimnas bolina (L.) (Lepidoptera: Nymphalidae) defend perch sites as a method of visually locating receptive females. In this study we charted the spatio-temporal activity of perching males in tropical Australia to investigate (a) the extent to which male activity is thermally constrained, and (b) the physical attributes of selected perching sites. Butter ̄ ies were surveyed along two 5±...

The fan shell P. nobilis (Linnaeus, 1758) is the largest marine bivalve in the Mediterranean Sea which acts as ecosystem engineer, offering an adequate substratum to several associated benthic species. P. nobilis is threatened by the reduction and loss of its natural habitat and by increased anthropogenic inputs into coastal waters. The knowledge on the population of this species are scarce, es...