Partial conservation of the nine axial currents Aμ for β = 0, 1, ..., 8 applied to the vacuum expectation values of the equal-time commutators of the nine axial charges QA(x0) for α = 0, 1, ..., 8 with the corresponding axial current divergences ∂Aμ implies that the non-vanishing current quark masses mu, md, ms of the light quarks u, d, s have the same sign. Under the more realistic assumption ...

An extension of a model of neutrino masses to the quark sector provides an interesting link between these two sectors. A parameter which is important to describe neutrino oscillations and masses is found to be a crucial one appearing in various “penguin” operators, in particular the so-called Z penguin. This parameter is severely constrained by the rare decay processKL → μ+μ−. This in turn has ...

Protecting children from injuries caused by fall accidents from playground equipment is important. Therefore, measures toward minimizing the risk of fall accident injuries are required. The risk of injury can be evaluated using ASTM F1292. In this test, G-max and the HIC are used to estimate the risk of injury. However, the measurement procedure is too complicated for application to a large num...

We present a unified parametrization of quark and lepton mixing matrices. By using some simple relations between the mixing angles of quarks and leptons, i.e., the quark-lepton complementarity, we parametrize the lepton mixing matrix with the Wolfenstein parameters λ and A of the quark mixing matrix. It is shown that the Wolfenstein parameter λ can measure both the deviation of the quark mixing...

In the framework of the minimal supersymmetric standard model and the R-parity breaking model, we investigate various production processes of the supersymmetric partner at HERA energies. Our emphasis is paid upon the scalar top quark, the partner of top quark, characterized by its lighter mass than the top quark and other scalar quarks in a model. We propose experimentally feasible approaches t...

We describe a general approach to quark flavor tagging in polarized hadronic processes, with particular emphasis on semi-inclusive deep inelastic scattering. A formalism is introduced that allows one to relate chosen quark flavor polarizations to an arbitrary combination of final-state hadron asymmetries. Within the context of the presented formalism, we quantify the sensitivity of various semi...

Assuming three light neutrinos and the seesaw mechanism we present a semiquantitative model of fermion masses based on (SUSY) SU(5) and abelian horizontal charges. A good description of the observed pattern of quark and lepton masses is obtained. For neutrinos we naturally obtain widely split masses and large atmospheric neutrino mixing as a consequence of SU(5)-related asymmetric mass matrices...

This paper is a review of recent lattice determinations of the light quark masses. It describes the method employed to calculate quark masses in the lattice formulation, and the extrapolations required to reach the physical regime. This review is designed to be accessible to a general audience, not specifically lattice theorists.

The available experimental information is consistent with the Weinberg predictions for the threshold parameters of ππ-scattering. The data, however, only test those relations that are insensitive to the quark masses mu and md. Recent theoretical progress leads to remarkably sharp predictions for the behaviour of the Sand P-wave phase shifts in the elastic region – one of the very few low energy...