Decreased dietary intakes of calcium, vitamin D and folic acid have been suggested as risk factors for human colon cancer. We previously fed a Western-style diet (WD) containing reduced calcium, vitamin D and increased fat content to normal C57/Bl6 mice: hyperproliferation, hyperplasia and whole crypt dysplasias developed in the colon following WD administration. Utilizing the same diet, we now...

Complete ligation of the common carotid artery near its bifurcation induces neointimal formation due to smooth muscle cell proliferation in normolipidemic wild-type mice, but it was unknown what would happen to hyperlipidemic apolipoprotein E-deficient (Apoe-/-) mice. Examination of these mice revealed rapid development of atherosclerotic lesions in completely ligated carotid arteries within 4 ...

In the last three decades the prevalence of non-alcoholic fatty liver disease has markedly increased. Results from epidemiologic studies indicate that not only a general overnutrition but rather a diet rich in sugar, fat and cholesterol (= Western style diet) maybe a risk factor for the development of non-alcoholic fatty liver disease. Concerning liver diseases, it is known that Deleted in mali...

There is concern that replacement of dietary fat with carbohydrate may not reduce the overall risk of CHD because this replacement strategy elevates postprandial plasma triacylglycerol (TAG) concentrations. The present study was designed to test the hypothesis that daily exercise can offset the augmented postprandial lipaemia associated with a short-term high-carbohydrate diet. Nine healthy, no...

Effects of Western diet and lifestyle factors resulting in hypertension are known, however, the effects of lifestyle on blood pressure variability measured by ambulatory blood pressure monitoring are not sufficiently well known. In the present case, it has been observed that Western diet, sedentary behavior and mental load in a subject with normal blood pressures were associated with blood pres...

We examined whether the putative anti-atherogenic enzymes LCAT, paraoxonase (PON), and platelet-activating factor acetylhydrolase (PAF-AH) are impaired in 8 week old atherosclerosis susceptible apolipoprotein E (apoE)(-/-) and LDL receptor (LDLr)(-/-) mice and whether plasma concentrations of bioactive oxidized phospholipids accumulate in plasma. ApoE(-/-) mice had reduced (28%) LCAT activity a...

We examined whether the putative anti-atherogenic enzymes lecithin:cholesterol acyltransferase (LCAT), paraoxonase 1 (PON) and platelet-activating factor acetylhydrolase (PAF-AH) are impaired in 8 week old atherosclerosis susceptible Apoe-/and Ldlr-/mice and whether plasma concentrations of bioactive oxidized phospholipids accumulate in plasma. Apoe-/mice had reduced (28%) LCAT activity and ele...

BACKGROUND Western diets, obesity, and sedentary lifestyles are associated with increased cancer risk. The mechanisms responsible for this increased risk, however, are not clear. OBJECTIVE We hypothesized that long-term low protein, low calorie intake and endurance exercise are associated with low concentrations of plasma growth factors and hormones that are linked to an increased risk of can...

This evaluation aimed to assess the economic performance of the Mediterranean diet for patients after a first acute myocardial infarction (AMI). A cost utility analysis using a Markov model was used to compare the Mediterranean diet to a prudent Western diet over a time frame of 10 years. After a systematic review of the literature, program effectiveness was based on the Lyon Diet Heart Study (...

Most fad diets are just that — a bright flash that quickly fades, only to be followed by another bestseller and a new face on the talk-show circuit. The high-fat, high-protein, low-carbohydrate (HPLC) diet has outlived the rest of the pack. This diet clearly has its supporters. In many ways, it is attractive to believe that manipulation of macronutrient composition might control body weight and...