The focus of haze prevention is how to solve the relationship between social and economic development and the haze prevention. In the current situation where environmental pollution becomes increasingly worse, China needs to enhance the effectiveness of preventing and treating hazy weather. The article first introduces the characteristics of Chinese hazy weather, including a wide range, long du...

Climate sensitive urban planning and building design require detailed information on effects of a changing climate. To simulate thermal building performance appropriate data are required as “standardized weather files”. But as historic weather records cannot be used to model building performance for future climate, synthetic “future weather” data are necessary. Here we present the steps to deri...

We are developing dynamic relational knowledge discovery methods for use on mesoscale weather data. Severe weather phenomena such as tornados, thunderstorms, hail, and floods, annually cause significant loss of life, property destruction, and disruption of the transportation systems. The annual economic impact of these mesoscale storms is estimated to be greater than $13B (Pielke and Carbone, 2...

Climate is one of the single most important factors affecting watershed ecosystems and water resources. The effect of climate variability and change has been studied extensively in some places; in many places, however, assessments are hampered by limited availability of long-term continuous climate data. Weather generators provide a means of synthesizing long-term climate data that can then be ...

Obliquely rotated T-mode principal component analysis has been applied to the NCEP/NCAR geopotential height reanalysis data for winter months from 1958 to 1996 over the New Zealand region. A new set of ten representative weather types were identified, with two being the most dominant. The temporal characteristics of the ten synoptic weather types were anlayzed in relation to different phases of...

Road traffic safety is the result of a complex interaction of factors, and causes behind road vehicle crashes require different measures to reduce their impacts. This study assesses how strongly the variation in daily winter crash rates associates with weather conditions in Finland. This is done by illustrating trends and spatiotemporal variation in the crash rates, by showing how a GIS applica...

The effects of weather are manifested in an organism-environment relationship through the mediu m of thermal or h eat exchange_ Meteorological param eters alone may be quite meaningless when used in interpreting animal responses because weather instruments do not respond to the thermal regime of the atmosphere in the same way that a living organism does _ Further, weather instruments are often ...

(1) BACKGROUND: In Finland, slippery snowy or icy ground surface conditions can be quite hazardous to human health during wintertime. We focused on the impacts of the variability in weather conditions on tourists' health via documented accidents during the winter season in the Sotkamo area. We attempted to estimate the slipping hazard in a specific context of space and time focusing on the weat...

While rural freeways generally have lower crash rates, interactions between driver behavior, traffic and geometric characteristics, and adverse weather conditions may increase the crash risk along some freeway sections. This paper examines the safety effects of roadway geometrics on crash occurrence along a freeway section that features mountainous terrain and adverse weather. Starting from pre...