Fibrators help detect approximate fibrations. A closed, connected n-manifold N is called a codimension-2 fibrator if each map p : M → B defined on an (n + 2)-manifold M such that all fibre p−1(b), b ∈ B, are shape equivalent to N is an approximate fibration. The most natural objects N to study are s-Hopfian manifolds. In this note we give some necessary and sufficient conditions for s-Hopfian m...

We introduce and characterize extremal 2-cuts for good fractal necklaces. Using this characterization the related topological properties of 2-cuts, we prove that every necklace has a unique IFS in certain sense. Also, two necklaces admit only rigid homeomorphisms thus group self-homeomorphisms is countable. In addition, weaker co-Hopfian property also obtained.

Let R be a G-graded ring and M be a G-graded R-module. In this article, we introduce the concept of graded weakly classical prime submodules and give some properties of such submodules.

In this paper we define $varphi$-Connes module amenability of a dual Banach algebra $mathcal{A}$ where $varphi$ is a bounded $w_{k^*}$-module homomorphism from $mathcal{A}$ to $mathcal{A}$. We are mainly concerned with the study of $varphi$-module normal virtual diagonals. We show that if $S$ is a weakly cancellative inverse semigroup with subsemigroup $E$ of idemp...

Let Out(Fn) denote the outer automorphism group of the free group Fn with n > 3. We prove that for any finite index subgroup Γ < Out(Fn), the group Aut(Γ) is isomorphic to the normalizer of Γ in Out(Fn). We prove that Γ is co-Hopfian : every injective homomorphism Γ → Γ is surjective. Finally, we prove that the abstract commensurator Comm(Out(Fn)) is isomorphic to Out(Fn).

A module M is called epi-retractable if every submodule of M is a homomorphic image of M. Dually, a module M is called co-epi-retractable if it contains a copy of each of its factor modules. In special case, a ring R is called co-pli (resp. co-pri) if RR (resp. RR) is co-epi-retractable. It is proved that if R is a left principal right duo ring, then every left ideal of R is an epi-retractable ...

A group G is (finitely) co-Hopfian if it does not contain any proper (finite-index) subgroups isomorphic to itself. We study finitely generated groups that admit a descending chain of normal finite-index subgroups, each which G. prove up finite index, these are always obtained by pulling back from free abelian quotient. give two applications: First, we show characteristic subgroup arises the ab...