h EXCEPT FOR GETTING your chip to market on time, optimizing yield is perhaps the most important thing we can do to improve IC profitability. We address this problem in several ways: design for manufacturability (DFM) through layout rules, process control, and increasingly clean cleanrooms. In an ideal world, this would solve our yield problems. We know it doesn’t, so we build a diagnostic capa...

objective:  in addition to the role of organic matter in plant nutrition, this material improves soil quality, physical structure, ventilation and water supply, and ease of penetration and expansion is rooted deep in the soil surface. effects of organic matter due to climatic factors, soil characteristics may vary from region to region, resulting in organic materials management must be given to...

according to urgent need of corn to nitrogen and since this element play a main role in improving of yield corn, thus, in order to investigate the effect of different levels of urea on yield and yield components of corn 704, an experiment was conducted randomized block with three replications in cropping year of 2012. experimental treatments included six levels of urea (0, 30, 60, 90, 120 and 1...

The term structure of interest rates is often summarized using a handful of yield factors that capture shifts in the shape of the yield curve. In this paper, we develop a comprehensive model for volatility dynamics in the level, slope, and curvature factors that simultaneously includes level and GARCH effects along with regime shifts. We show that the level of the short-rate is useful in modeli...

In this paper, a method to predict defect-related yield as a function of time for a semiconductor manufacturing facility is presented. The effect of contamination-related defects on yield, and the reduction in defect levels, resulting from failure analysis, have been considered. The developed yield learning model is incorporated in a prototype simulator ,Y4 ,which mimics both the fabrication an...

Management of forest vegetation and its relationship to water yield has long been a lively issue. The USDA Forest Service has been criticized in northern Colorado for failing to have a forest management strategy that includes consideration of water yield for downstream users, including fish and wildlife (Swanson 1998). Some say it is possible to get substantial increases in runoff with modest v...

The efficacy of catheter ablation has improved dramatically over the past 3 decades as our understanding of ablation lesion formation has led to technological advances that have resulted in the ability to reliably create large and deep lesions. In the early years, operators were constrained during radiofrequency (RF) ablation with 2-mm nonirrigated electrodes by the tendency for the electrode–t...

in order to evaluate the relationship between morphological characters in rice lines two populations at f3 generation were grown in research field of agricultural sciences and natural resource university, sari, iran, during 2012. statistical analysis on important agronomic traits showed that maximum standard deviation belonged to total grain number followed by filled grains per panicle and grai...

bioethanol made from lignocelluloses biomass resources, provides unique environmental, economic and strategic benefits, when compared to gasoline as automobile fuel. to be able to substitute gasoline by bioethanol, one should over come many obstacles, including the production of furfural and hydroxyl-methyl furfural, which are produced when cellulosic materials are treated in the presence of ac...