, where E(x=La) is the erosion rate at the upstream end of the flow acceleration zone above a waterfall, Fr is the Froude number at this setting, and n ranges between 0.5–1.7. This amplification expression suggests that erosion at the lip could be as much as 2–5 times higher relative to erosion at a normal setting with identical hydraulic geometry. Utilizing this erosion amplification expressio...

For rivers or streams with waterfalls, water withdrawal for multiple uses can lead to potential conflicts of interest. The question arises what extent impairs the appearance and acoustics waterfalls. A data set was analyzed 15 waterfalls different morphological types in Switzerland, Austria, Norway. It comprises discharge measurements as well photo imaging sound level measurements. variations w...

This study was conducted to investigate the seasonal variation of water qualities for drinking and conservation aquatic organisms from river, lake waterfalls in Chattogram Hill Tracts Bangladesh during pre-monsoon, monsoon post-monsoon seasons period March 2021 February 2022. Water samples were collected four sampling locations analysed research laboratory Department Environmental Science Resou...

Abstract Waterfalls can form due to external perturbation of river base level, lithologic heterogeneity, and internal feedbacks (i.e., autogenic dynamics). While waterfalls formed by heterogeneity are well documented, there is a lack criteria with which identify waterfalls, thereby limiting the ability assess influence on landscape evolution. We propose that evolve from bedrock bedforms known a...