An increasing integration of nanoscale sensors is being observed in BioSensing and Biomimetic systems. Power consumption is deemed a major limiter as the complexity of integration increases. Supply voltage based scaling using CMOS is also a challenge due to increasing leakage currents. This work presents alternative devices – Interband Tunnel Field Effect Transistors (TFETs) and Split-Gate Quan...

Tunnel FETs are a promising alternate to MOSFETs for low power design due to the ability to scale threshold voltage and hence supply voltage, without increase in OFF currents. However, they suffer from low ON currents. Demonstrated here is theenhancement in ION in arsenide–antimonide staggered-gap heterojunction (hetj) tunnel field-effect transistors (TFETs) by engineering the effective tunneli...

Earthquake and its catastrophic failures has been one of the disturbance worry of Civil Engineers. In geotechnical science, liquefaction is one of the most important phenomenons induced by earthquake. A change in pore water pressure follows a change in effective stress, and in a critical state in which pore water pressure equals the total stress in soil particles, soil strength is suddenly lost...

The influence of partial cerebellar ablation on the performance of rainbow trout, Oncorhynchus mykiss, swimming in a water tunnel was studied. Before surgery, all fish maintained a steady position in the water tunnel at all speeds tested. A linear relationship was found between the specific velocity (body length s-1) and the tail-beat frequency. After partial cerebellectomy, the fish swam well ...

What are the effects of snow fence variables on wind patterns, and geometry and volume of snow collected in drifts? This question arose from a need to capture winter’s blowing snow to improve water supply during a drought and to protect critical areas from blowing snow. Last year, during the first phase of this project, various powders were tested to find which would closely replicate snow in a...

In the first part of the article, the column and the bag experiments concerning removal of polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs) and nonpolar oil (NPO) from tunnel wash waters using organic sorbent materials have been described. This part presents the results of removal of toxic metals. The metals of concern (Al, As, Cd, Cr, Cu, Fe, Pb, Mo, Ni, and Zn) were selected based on the priority toxi...

The main objective of this study was to investigate the performance of a roadheader used for the excavation of Küçüksu Sewage Tunnel having a length of 1037.52 m. The tunnel is located in Anatolian part of Istanbul and constructed by STFA for Istanbul Water and Sewerage Administration (ISKI). Detailed statistical analysis showed that net advance rate of the roadheader is directly influenced by ...

pricing policies play an important role in water demand management and its optimal allocation. determining proper water price leads to optimal allocation of water especially in agricultural consumptions. applying new subsidy targeting law in iran which insists on pricing water based on its supply cost, will effects considerably on water resource management in agriculture sector. so, in this stu...