Water is an essential material for all organisms on earth to sustain life, and a satisfactory water supply must be made available to consumers. It is required that drinking water not be contaminated by microbes or chemical substances harmful to human health. Pathogenic bacteria, viruses and protozoa in drinking water cause waterborne infectious diseases. The pollution source, pathogenicity, and...

Rivers are important as the main source of supply for drinking, agriculture and industry.However, drinking water quality in terms of qualitative parameters, is the most important variable. Studias and predicting  changes in quality parameters along a river, are one of the goals of water resources planners and managers. In this regard, many water quality models in order to maintain better water ...

Climate change can result in significant impacts on regional and global surface water and groundwater resources. Using groundwater as a complimentary source of water has provided an effective means to satisfy the ever-increasing water demands and deal with surface water shortages problems due to robust capability of groundwater in responding to climate change. Conjunctive use of surface water a...

Wheat plays a vital role in the food production as it fulfills 60% requirements of calories and proteins to the 35% of the world population. Owing to wheat importance in food, wheat demand is increasing continuously. Wheat yield is committed to the availability of water supply. Due to climatic and environmental variations of different countries, water supply is not available in constant and des...

The economic and environmental losses due to serious leakage in the urban water supply network have increased the effort to control the water leakage. However, current methods for leakage estimation are inaccurate leading to the development of ineffective leakage controls. Therefore, this study proposes a method based on the blind source separation theory (BSS) to calculate the leakage of water...

in rural areas, where water tends to be traded less and is mostly used as an essential farm input, water users association can be as an alternative for water resource management. the purpose of this study was to investigate influence factors on the farmers’ tend to constitute water users associations. research population was all farmers covered of feyzabad irrigation network supply (192 farmers...

Water distribution network (WDN) consists of several elements the main ones: pipes and valves. The work developed in this article focuses on a water supply prediction in the short and long term. To this end, reliability data were conjugated in decision making tools on water distribution network rehabilitation in a forecasting context. The pipes are static elements that allow the transport of wa...