Nowadays, tourism is affected by the knowledge of a region’s climatic characteristics. Therefore, it is crucial to identify the potential regions and appropriate time for attracting tourists in relation to climatic comfort. Due to having climatic diversity and water resources such as rivers, waterfalls, caves and hot springs, Khorassan Razavi province is one of the potential regions for touris...

PURPOSE Intravenous (IV) saline has been used by athletes attempting to accelerate rehydration procedures. The diuresis from IV rehydration may be circumvented through the concomitant use of oral glycerol. We aimed to examine the effects of rehydrating with four different regimens of IV fluid and oral glycerol on subsequent 40-km cycling time trial performance. METHODS Nine endurance-trained ...

geographical position, topographic conditions and climatic variety have caused the ‎province of zanjan to be known as the province of four seasons. its unique ‎ecological conditions, forest and pasture coverage, numerous water resources, ‎wildlife, several hunting zones, protected areas, caves, waterfalls, springs and tens of ‎other beautiful unique landscapes have caused this province ...

Purpose: To discuss the composition and rationale for the use of sports drinks along with recent studies investigating the relationship between sports drinks and dental erosion. Methods: A review of the literature of sports drinks and dental erosion was done. Results: For most athletes and individuals engaged in physical activity, the use of sports drinks does not provide a benefit over water. ...

PURPOSE The effects of moderate beer consumption after physical activity on rehydration and fluid balance are not completely clear. Therefore, in this study, we investigated the effect of beer consumption, with varying alcohol content, on fluid balance after exercise-induced dehydration. METHODS Eleven healthy males were included in this cross over study (age 24.5 ± 4.7 years, body weight 75....

Although the polychlorinated biphenyls (PCBs) have been used in a wide variety of industrial applications in the U. S. from 1930 until 1970, when their distribution was voluntarily restricted to closed systems, there is scant information on human exposure to adverse human health effects in the U. S. In the U. S., minimal human exposure of the population to PCBs is limited to food, air, and wate...

the aim of this study was to analyze and compare the viewpoints shared by university professors and the managers holding sports events of federations on the competencies of sports event managers. the study was a descriptive survey conducted as a field research. the statistical population included all university professors with more than three years of experience of teaching courses related to m...

There is a large amount of evidence showing that an individual undergoing dehydration (during a tournament or the exercise regimen) has a negative impact on performance. Thus restoration of this fluid balance must be achieved. Sports drinks are ideally placed to fill both these roles. A sports drink is a beverage designed to help athletes rehydrate, as well as replenish electrolytes, sugars and...