Denmark occupies a total area of some 43,000 km. Most of the c ountry consists of Quaternary deposits overlying Cretaceous chalk, limestone, and Tertiary sand and clay. The topography is low-lying, reaching a maximum of 172 m above sea level. The combination of lo w topography and widespread, consolidated, and unco nsolidated aquifers ensures a plentiful and easily accessible water resource. Gr...

Increasing water demand and water scarcity around the world requires the development of robust and efficient methods for water purification in the coming decades. Here, we report a photocatalytic water purification method using visible light (532 nm) utilizing 5 nm gold nanoparticles and their enhancement when attached on the surface of silica nanospheres as an inactive support to prevent nanop...

Lakes and marshes are valuable water resources and natural environments for the human beings, it is necessary to preserve and improve their water quality. Since experiencing severe pollution problems during the 1950s and 1960s, Japan has been strengthening its environmental policy. Regulations over the quality of water were enforced under the Water Pollution Control Law, resulting in the succes...

The purpose of this study was to determine the comparative environmental impacts of coupled seawater desalination and water reclamation using a novel hybrid system that consist of an osmotically driven membrane process and established membrane desalination technologies. A comparative life cycle assessment methodology was used to differentiate between a novel hybrid process consisting of forward...

Different techniques of car washing are presented in this paper, along with issues of water use, water contamination and its purification. Nowadays, technological advancements in the car wash industry fall into specific categories such as, new washing technologies (touch-free and hybrid washing technology), advanced water recycling systems (based on biological water treatment), water desalinati...

Experiments were conducted to measure communities of bacteria within operating ultrapure water treatment systems intended for laboratory use. Samples from various locations within Milli-Q Plus and Milli-Q UV Plus systems were analyzed for populations of planktonic bacteria at weekly intervals over 3 months of operation. Relatively high initial densities of planktonic bacteria (10(2) to 10(3) ba...

A simple, convenient, reusable, and inexpensive airand water-purification unit including a one-end sealed porous amorphous-silica (a-silica) tube coated with TiO2 photocatalyst layers has been developed. The porous a-silica layers were formed through outside vapor deposition (OVD). TiO2 photocatalyst layers were formed through impregnation and calcination onto a-silica layers. The resulting por...

Dedicated to the development of resource-saving polluted washing water treating technologies for transport companies. The article suggests methods of water purification with regard to scientifically grounded requirements to the quality of the water used and the required degree of purification and The article also considers the method of selecting efficient methods of sewage water treating, when...

Interfacial materials with special wettability have become a burgeoning research area in materials science in the past decade. The unique surface properties of materials and interfaces generated by biomimetic approaches can be leveraged to develop effective solutions to challenging environmental problems. This critical review presents the concept, mechanisms, and fabrication techniques of inter...