Abstract Background and aims Tree species worldwide suffer from extended periods of water limitation. These conditions not only affect the growth vitality trees but also feed back on cycling carbon (C) at plant-soil interface. However, impact progressing loss soils transfer assimilated C belowground remains unresolved. Methods Using mesocosms, we assessed how increasing levels deficit Pinus syl...

Abstract Terrestrial ecosystems are essential for food and water security CO 2 uptake. Ecosystem function is dependent on the availability of soil moisture, yet it unclear how climate change will alter moisture limitation vegetation. Here we use an ecosystem index that distinguishes energy limitations in Earth system model simulations to show a widespread regime shift from between 1980 2100. Th...

We merge concepts from stomatal optimization theory and cohesion-tension theory to examine the dynamics of three mechanisms that are potentially limiting to leaf-level gas exchange in trees during drought: (1) a 'demand limitation' driven by an assumption of optimal stomatal functioning; (2) 'hydraulic limitation' of water movement from the roots to the leaves; and (3) 'non-stomatal' limitation...

Experimental evidence indicates that the stomatal conductance and nitrogen concentration ([N]) of foliage decline under CO2 enrichment, and that the percentage growth response to elevated CO2 is amplified under water limitation, but reduced under nitrogen limitation. We advance simple explanations for these responses based on an optimisation hypothesis applied to a simple model of the annual ca...

a study was conducted to evaluate the effects of moisture limitation on yield and dry matter distribution between shoot and root of triticale genotypes. this study was performed using a factorial experiment based on completely randomized design with four replications, in agricultural college of ferdowsi university of mashhad greenhouse during 2009. treatments were two available soil water inclu...

due to limitation of available water and soil resources in iran, the challenge of optimizing the utilization of these resources has become more significant. one of the solutions to the economic, planning and optimization of water use and achieve the optimum level of water use is associated with improved farming activities and this is the most important agricultural research needs. the study of ...

Forward osmosis (FO) is a promising membrane technology to combine seawater desalination and water reuse. More specifically, in a FO-reverse osmosis (RO) hybrid process, high quality water recovered from the wastewater stream is used to dilute seawater before RO treatment. As such, lower desalination energy needs and/or water augmentation can be obtained while delivering safe water for direct p...