It has been widely documented that municipal wastewater treatment plant effluents are a major source of artificial sweeteners to surface waters. However, in rural areas, the extent to which septic systems contribute these same compounds to groundwater aquifers is largely unknown. We examined the occurrence of four commonly used artificial sweeteners in an unconfined sand aquifer that serves as ...

Sir,?I was interested in the paper entitled ' Pyrogenic reactions following intravenous saline infusions ' by Drs. B. M. Paul and B. C. Chatterjee in the July issue of the' Indian Medical Gazette (Vol. LXXIX, No. 7, p. 304). Nine years ago in the surgical wards of the Mayo Hospital, Lahore, I had occasion to give a particularly large number of intravenous saline infusions for a prolonged period...

The prospects for large scale commercialisation of sea-bedmounted offshore windfarms are currently excellent, with the existing small-scale prototype windfarms currently being joined by the first large-scale parks in the shallow seas off the Danish, German, Swedish, Dutch, Belgian, British and Irish coasts. However other countries, including Japan, have much more limited regions of the shallow ...

In spite of several World Food Summits during the past decade, the number of people going to bed hungry is increasing and now exceeds one billion. Food security strategies should therefore be revisited. Food security systems should begin with local communities who can develop and manage community gene, seed, grain and water banks. At the national level, access to balanced diet and clean drinkin...