The effects of elevated atmospheric CO2 concentration on plant-fungi and plant-insect interactions were studied in an emergent marsh in the Chesapeake Bay. Stands of the C3 sedge Scirpus olneyi Grey. and the C4 grass Spartina patens (Ait.) Mobl. have been exposed to elevated atmospheric CO2 concentrations during each growing season since 1987. In August 1991 the severities of fungal infections ...

OBJECTIVE In order to utilize fat from broiler byproducts efficiently, it is necessary to develop an appropriate rendering procedure and establish quality information for the rendered fat. A study was therefore undertaken to evaluate the influence of rendering methods on the amounts and general properties of the fat recovered from broiler skin. METHODS The yield and quality of the broiler ski...

Multibeam echosounder systems (MBES) can record backscatter strengths of gas plumes in the water column (WC) images that may be an indicator of possible occurrence of gas at certain depths. Manual or automatic detection is generally adopted in finding gas plumes, but frequently results in low efficiency and high false detection rates because of WC images that are polluted by noise. To improve t...

This work aims to explore WC-G201 high entropy cemented carbides properties fabricated by spark plasma sintering with AlCoCrFeNiTi0.2 and WC as binder phase hard respectively. powder were mixed at the mass ratio of 5: 95, 10: 90 15: 85 respectively, then via SPS 1300℃ for 5min. The results show that has good wettability WC, increase content, hardness alloy decreases gradually, fracture toughnes...

It has been hypothesized that the increase in temperature in this century could lead to an increase in frost damage to plant tissues. Several models have been proposed to describe the development of cold hardiness, but never taking into account extreme climatic and/or physiological events. Our results on walnut tree (Juglans regia L.) show that cold hardiness was best correlated with average da...

In exploration of low-cost electrocatalysts for direct methanol fuel cells (DMFCs), Pt modified tungsten carbide (WC) materials are found to be great potential candidates for decreasing Pt usage whilst exhibiting satisfactory reactivity. In this work, the mechanisms, onset potentials and activity for electrooxidation of methanol were studied on a series of Pt-modified WC catalysts where the bar...

Abstract Typical high-strength products are made from carbon-rich steels possessing relatively high carbon content, thus reducing weldability. In this work, preliminary studies on designing and tailoring a low-alloyed steel for the laser-based powder bed fusion (PBF-LB/M) process by adding black (C) nanoparticles tungsten carbide (WC) particles enhancing material properties provided. First, bas...

The start of melting as well as the melting range in WC-Co and WC-Ni hardmetals is significantly influenced by the alloy gross carbon content as well as by additives (V, Cr). Both Vanadium and Chromium significantly lower the start of melting but also broaden the melting range, in particular at low carbon content (formation of M6C-phases). As a result, a certain temperature range can be defined...