BACKGROUND In this study, a hybrid treatment system (Fluidized Bed positioned in a biological reactor of an Activated Sludge process) was used to treat saline domestic wastewater. The performance of the mentioned hybrid system was compared with the conventional activated sludge. A pilot study was conducted, and Chemical Oxygen Demand (COD), Electrical Conductivity (EC), Total Dissolved Solids (...

As important constituents of activated sludge flocs, extracellular polymeric substances (EPS) play significant roles in pollutants adsorption, the formation and maintenance of microbial aggregates, and the protection of microbes from external environmental stresses. In this work, EPS in activated sludge from a municipal wastewater treatment plant (M-WWTP) with anaerobic/anoxic/oxic (A(2)/O) pro...

Wastewater treatment is necessary to reduce the health risks and environmental impacts associated with discharge of untreated wastewater. The most common way to treat wastewater in wastewater treatment plants is through the activated sludge process. Although the main principle of the process has been the same since its usage began 100 years ago, there has been a continuous development and moder...

Al2 (SO4)3, 18H2O, FeCl3 and Ca (OH)2 were used for the treatment of tannery wastewaters. The influences of pH and coagulant dosages were studied. Conditions were optimised according to the pollutant removal efficiencies, the volume of decanted sludge and the biodegradability index improvement. The results indicate that 6771% of total COD, 76-92% of color and 79-97% of Cr can be removed using t...

background and purpose: disposing sludge from industrial wastewater treatment plants (iwwtps) is a serious issue because it can affect human and animals health, and also environmental quality. in this study, sludge from an iwwtp was analyzed regarding its physicochemical characteristics and disposal options. materials and methods: grab sampling was used to collect 12 sludge samples biweekly (ma...

During advanced biological wastewater treatment, a huge amount of sludge is produced as a by-product of the treatment process. Hence, reuse and recovery of resources and energy from the sludge is a big technological challenge. The processing of sludge produced by Wastewater Treatment Plants (WWTPs) is massive, which takes up a big part of the overall operational costs. In this regard, anaerobic...

Some amounts of inert products are given into environment due to biological degradation of substrate in activated sludge system. The effluent of biological wastewater treatment consists of inert substrate in influent flow, soluble microbial products and non degradable or slowly degradable organic products. Soluble inert COD (SI) must be determined for discharge standards since it did not give a...

background sewage sludge (biosolids) is a byproduct of wastewater treatment that accumulates in large quantities. effective stabilization and disinfection of sewage sludge prior to land application are necessary to not only protect human health, but also to induce the public its benefits and safety. currently, many wastewater treatment plants in iran dispose great amounts of untreated sewage sl...

Henry’s law constant is an important equilibrium factor in the mass transfer process of volatile organic compounds (VOCs). A single equilibration technique (SET) was adopted to measure the air-water dimensionless (KH) and the dimensionless apparent (K’H) of Henry’s law constant in an air-wastewater system and air-activated sludge for VOCs at 298 K. Hydrophilic VOCs (methanol, isopropanol and ac...

Inorganic aluminum ions, [Al(H2O)6]3+, [Al(OH)(H2O)5]2+, and [Al(OH)2(H2O)4]+, are toxic to a number of crops. The aim of this study was to estimate the danger of soil contamination of bioavailable aluminum and heavy metals forms because of alum sludge which was a by-product of water, and wastewater treatment technology using aluminum coagulant is introduced into the soil. Aluminum and selected...