Production of a high value zeolite from fly ash has been shown to be an avenue for the utilization of South African fly ash which presently constitutes a huge disposal problem. The synthesis of zeolites Na-P1 and analcime on a micro-scale has been successful and preliminary investigation shows that scale-up synthesis is promising. However, the post-synthesis supernatant waste generated contains...

This paper proposes a fuzzy-robust stochastic multiobjective programming (FRSMOP) approach, which integrates fuzzy-robust linear programming and stochastic linear programming into a general multiobjective programming framework. A chosen number of noninferior solutions can be generated for reflecting the decision-makers’ preferences and subjectivity. The FRSMOP method can effectively deal with t...

Bender, D., and Riordan, F.\ “Electrolytic Recovery of Mercury Metal from a Mercuric C loride-Containing Waste ’‘ Met Wasre Manage. A l t Symp ]roc , Calif Dep Health Serv , 137 (1989). I Higgins, T. E., and Gemmell, A. S , “lndustnal waste recovery and reuse: four industrial wastewater case histories.” Proc Ind Waste Symp., 62nd Annual Con$ Water Pollut Control Fed , 293 (1989). , Crane, A., “...

Methylene chloride and CFCs are used as auxiliary blowing agents in the manufacture of flexible polyurethanefoams and are promptly emitted during the manufacturing processes.The concentrationof the auxiliary blowing agent are quite low due to the accepted practice of using large volumes of air to lower the ambient concentration of toxic isocyanates (a key chemical in the urethane reaction seque...

he 1980s brought changing trends into the waste market with increased reclamation, T recycling and waste minimization efforts. Adapting proven tcchnologies has aided in moving these three forms of waste managcment forward. A t EncycleITexas, Inc. (ETI), the fundamental objcctive of recycling is to convert hazardous waste into products. Founded in 1988, ET1 recycles metalbearing waste streams to...

Background Environmental regulations on medical waste incineration have become more stringent at the same time as landfill capacities are diminishing in many parts of the country. These two circumstances are leading many healthcare facilities to reevaluate their medical waste generation and disposal practices. Although the typical healthcare waste stream can include infectious, radioactive, and...

In a joint U.S. Environmental Protection Agency ( EPA) and DuPont waste minimization project, fifteen waste streams were selected for assessment. The intent was to develop assessments diverse in terms of process type, mode of operation, waste type, disposal needed, and relative success in identifying good waste reduction options. The fifteen case study reports describe the wastes and the proces...

Lubricant selection and cleaner chemistry is oftentimes one of the most overlooked parts of industrial metal processing. Their selection can affect not only the ability to adequately clean parts; it can also potentially affect the success of a waste minimization effort to recycle the cleaner. Certain lubricants are more compatible with certain cleaning processes than others. This paper will dis...