Summarization of electronic discussion fora is a unique challenge; techniques that work startlingly well on monolithic documents tend to fare poorly in this informal setting. Additionally, conventional techniques ignore much of the structures that have the potential to serve as valuable features in the summarization task. We present several novel examples of such features, including the catalys...

This paper examines topic and focus effects on word order in English particle verb constructions. Several authors have reported that speakers often prefer the Verb-Particle-Object (VPO) order when the object has new information focus, and the Verb-Object-Particle (VOP) order when the object is discourse-given (Bolinger 1971, Svenonius 1996a, Kayne 1998, Dehé 2002). We illustrate this effect in ...

Vanadium phosphorous oxides (VPO) catalyze the partial oxidation of butane to maleic anhydride. These VPO are commercially manufactured from solid vanadium oxides by treating them with a sequence of two processes. The first is the reflux of V2O5 with organic compounds, e.g. alcohols, to reduce the metal to the +4 oxidation state and also phosphoric acid as a phosphorous source to obtain the pre...

This thesis addresses aspects of voice characteristics in operatic and musical theatre singing. The common aim of the studies was to identify respiratory, phonatory and resonatory characteristics accounting for salient voice timbre differences between singing styles. The velopharyngeal opening (VPO) was analyzed in professional operatic singers, using nasofiberscopy. Differing shapes of VPOs su...

The preparation of vanadyl pyrophosphate (VPO) strongly influences their catalytic activity in partial oxidation of butane to maleic anhydride. The characteristics of VOHPO4•0.5H2O, (called “the precursor” in this paper) are strongly influenced by the reagents, the ratio of phosphorous to vanadium, the nature of the solvent and the conditions of the reduction step during the preparation. Synhes...

BACKGROUND AND PURPOSE The durability of aneurysm coil embolization is thought to depend on packing density. The expansile property of hydrogel coating on coils increases volumetric packing per coil length. We describe our experience using hydrogel-coated coils (HydroCoils) compared with inert platinum coils in intracranial aneurysm embolization. METHODS Fifty aneurysms embolized primarily us...

This study presents information about crystal imperfections in the main phase of industrial vanadium phosphorous oxide catalysts that are used to catalyze oxidation n-butane maleic anhydride, being an important intermediate chemical industry. The mechanism this reaction is still debated, and catalytically active selective surface centers have not yet been identified. results presented based on ...

This paper presents an overview of heterogeneous partial (amm)oxidation and oxidative dehydrogenation (ODH) of hydrocarbons. The review has been voluntarily restricted to metal oxide-type catalysts, as the partial oxidation field is very broad and the number of catalysts is quite high. The main factors of solid catalysts for such reactions, designated by Grasselli as the “seven pillars”, and pl...

Work Completed To Date This section contains a detailed analysis of our progress to-date. Each of our three assigned optimizations was investigated individually by team members. The team met to discuss highlevel issues involving cooperation of optimizations. We also shared insights regarding how our individual implementations operate. Our group met at regular intervals to evaluate team progress...