the paper tries to present an improved mathematical model for distribution companies (discos) in order to solve distribution network expansion planning (dnep) problems in the presence of certain resources of distributed generations (dgs) entitled small scale gas engines in the medium voltage grids. with the aim of minimizing investment and operation costs, the recommended model combines a compr...

Electrical Impedance Tomography uses surface electrical measurements to image changes in the conductivity distribution within a medium. This technique was applied to the measurement of gastric motility by imaging conductivity changes in the abdomen after ingestion of liquid. Preliminary results show good correlation with typical clinical measurements. composition, and caloric content have a lar...

In many cases the electric field is the gradient of a potential. In those cases a measured voltage is completely determined by the points connected to the measuring device. But if the curl of the electric field vector is non-vanishing (i.e. the magnetic field is time-dependent), a measured voltage may depend on the topology of the circuit. This effect was discussed in articles by Romer (1982), ...

Aiming at reaching the best quality in terms of supplying and services, some utilities are using more and more automation and instrumentation devices in its networks. Thus, in a new scenario, voltage sags are available from some additional measurements along the feeder by means of power quality or voltage measurement devices. In this work, a fault location algorithm, which uses voltage sag meas...

With the development of critical loads, power quality problem has become particularly important and poor power quality will be cause many adverse effects and the cost of many deaths will follow. To improve power quality and protection of sensitive loads against grid disturbances have been used new equipment based on power electronics similar FACTs devices, they are Custom Power. One of the most...

microgrids are small-scale, low voltage (lv) power networks which employ renewable distribution energy resources (ders) with power electronic interfaces (peis). microgrids as single controlled units and active distribution networks require flexible control systems to ensure reliable and secure operation in different modes. these various operations of microgrid cause variations in voltage and fr...