Low density lipoprotein (LDL) and beta-very low density lipoprotein (beta-VLDL) are internalized by the same receptor in mouse peritoneal macrophages and yet their endocytic patterns differ; beta-VLDL is targeted to both widely distributed and perinuclear vesicles, whereas LDL is targeted almost entirely to perinuclear lysosomes. This endocytic divergence may have important metabolic consequenc...

Background—Expression of the VLDL receptor, primarily in macrophages, has been confirmed in human and rabbit atherosclerotic lesions. The high binding affinity of the VLDL receptor for remnant particles implicates the VLDL receptor pathway in the foam cell formation mechanism in macrophages. This study investigates the effect of interferon (IFN)-g on VLDL receptor expression in phorbol-12-myris...

Hypertriglyceridemia is considered a cardiovascular risk factor in diabetic and nondiabetic subjects. In this study, we aimed to determine potential regulators of very low density lipoprotein-triglyceride (TG) production. VLDL-TG kinetics were measured in 13 men and 12 women [body mass index [mean (range)]: 24.8 (20.2-35.6) kg/m(2)]. VLDL-TG production was assessed from the plasma decay of a bo...

To gain insight into the mechanisms regulating plasma lipid homeostasis, FFA, VLDL-triglyceride (TG), and VLDL-apolipoprotein B-100 (apoB-100) kinetics are commonly assessed using stable isotope-labeled tracer methods. The reproducibility of these measurements, which is critical for the experimental design, is unknown. Therefore, we investigated the repeatability of plasma FFA, VLDL-TG, and VLD...

Dyslipidemia, manifested by increased plasma triglyceride (TG), increased total and LDL-cholesterol concentrations and decreased HDL-cholesterol concentration, is an important risk factor for cardiovascular disease. Premenopausal women have a less atherogenic plasma lipid profile and a lower risk of cardiovascular disease than men, but this female advantage disappears after menopause. This sugg...

Endogenous apolipoprotein E in VLDL is poorly expressed in receptor binding processes. Yet catabolism ofVLDL-remnants by cellular receptors depends on functional apo E molecules. To better understand remnant catabolism phenomena, we determined the metabolism of VLDL and post-lipolysis VLDL by cultured cells. Partial lipolysis was achieved by incubation of VLDL with lipoprotein lipase in vitro (...

We studied the metabolism of very low density lipoprotein (VLDL) and intermediate density lipoprotein (IDL) particles that did or did not have apolipoprotein E (apoE) in 12 normolipidemic women by endogenously labeling plasma apolipoprotein B. The plasma was separated into bound (E+) and unbound (E-) fractions by use of a monoclonal antibody (1D7), and the fractions were ultracentrifuged to yie...

A mathematical model describing the uptake of low density lipoprotein (LDL) and very low density lipoprotein (VLDL) particles by a single hepatocyte cell is formulated and solved. The model includes a description of the dynamic change in receptor density on the surface of the cell due to the binding and dissociation of the lipoprotein particles, the subsequent internalisation of bound particles...

OBJECTIVE To characterize human triglyceride-rich lipoproteins (TRL) with and without apoA-II and to study their metabolism in vivo. METHODS Plasma from 11 participants on a controlled diet given a bolus infusion of [D5]l-phenylalanine to label apoB was combined into four pools and applied to anti-apoA-II immunoaffinity columns. Fractions with and without apoA-II were separated into VLDL and ...

BACKGROUND Plasma triglyceride concentration has been an inconsistent independent risk factor for coronary heart disease, perhaps because of the metabolic heterogeneity among VLDL particles, the main carriers of triglycerides in plasma. METHODS AND RESULTS We conducted a prospective, nested case-control study in the Cholesterol and Recurrent Events (CARE) trial, a randomized placebo-controlle...