The creation of Virtual Power Plants (VPPs) has been suggested in recent years as the means for achieving the cost-efficient integration of the many distributed energy resources (DERs) that are starting to emerge in the electricity network. In this work, we contribute to the development of VPPs by offering a game-theoretic perspective to the problem. Specifically, we design cooperatives (or “co...

Realistic modelling and interactive rendering of forestry and landscape is a challenge in computer graphics and virtual reality. Recent new developments in plant growth modelling and simulation lead to plant models faithful to botanical structure and development, not only representing the complex architecture of a real plant but also its functioning in interaction with its environment. Complex ...

in the last years of the twentieth century and the early years of the twenty first century, globalization with all its aspects and effects, has laid a ground which has originated and/or deepened structural weaknesses of states, their inability to answer the citizens’ demands and functional crisis of states. formation of international institutions, international non-governmental organizations (n...

The objective of this study is to develop "Virtual Collaborator" as a new type of humanmachine interface, which works as "intelligent interface agent" to help machine operators controlling large scale machine system such as power plants. In this paper, first, the basic concept of the virtual collaborator is introduced. And, the prototype system of the virtual collaborator is described. At prese...

-  Power system state estimation is a central component in energy management systems of power system. The goal of state estimation is to determine the system status and power flow of transmission lines. This paper presents an advanced state estimation algorithm based on weighted least square (WLS) criteria by introducing virtual meters. For each bus of network, except slack bus, a virtual meter...

Virtual power plants (VPPs) including distributed generation, energy storage, and elastic load are emerging in distribution networks. Multiple VPPs can participate electricity market as an aggregated entity effective cost allocation mechanism among is a crucial issue. This paper focuses on allocating ex-post of incurred by deviation between actual ex-ante schedule two-settlement market. We obta...

Abstract In order to effectively solve the supply-demand imbalance of grid caused by intermittent new energy penetration and improve scheduling flexibility virtual power plants, a two-layer optimization model plants with source-load-storage is proposed. The upper layer designed reduce forecast error wind output revenue plant. On basis maximum consumption, distributed storage fuel cells are used...