The first three articles in the Clinical Ethics section of this issue of Journal of Medical Ethics address potential conflicting duties of physicians. The first paper, by Niklas Juth and Niels Lynöe (see page 215, Editor’s choice), reports results of an empirical study of Swedish physicians’ attitudes regarding the provision of virginity certificates or hymen restorations requested by women, of...

In early August 2000 a small but vociferous crowd of teenage girls marched through the streets of central Pietermaritzburg, singing, chanting slogans and holding hand-written placards that stated “We are not being forced!” and “Down with the Gender Commission!” The girls were followed by a handful of middle-aged women, dressed in elaborately beaded outŽ ts and conical hats typically worn by “tr...

The story of Little Red Riding Hood is not just one of a little girl bringing simple biscuits and wine to a sick grandmother. Rather, the tale chronicles a young girl's trip into adulthood, the woods functioning as the hazy middle ground between being an innocent child and a knowing adult. Bruno Bettelheim, in The Uses of Enchantment, examines the story of Red Riding Hood's trip as culminating ...

In object-oriented programs built in layers, an object at a higher level of abstraction is implemented by objects at lower levels of abstraction. It is usually crucial to correctness that a lower-level object not be shared among several higher-level objects. This paper unveils some difficulties in writing procedure specifications strong enough to guarantee that a lower-level object can be used ...

Hymenoplasty is a reconstructive surgical procedure aimed at repairing the hymen, and it has gained significant attention in Indian context due to cultural societal factors associated with virginity. This review article aims investigate contemporary patterns of hymenoplasty India assess their influence on young adults. The employed systematic approach gather analyze relevant literature from var...

The paper’s subject is about the interaction between cult of goddess Artemis and St Thecla Iconium throughout Eastern Mediterranean in initial four centuries Christianity particular. phenomenon investigated regarding literature, cities, social groups personalities mostly associated with cultural meeting free-spirited but fearsome protector wilderness, virginity childhood virgin heroine Cross al...