BACKGROUND Vertebrae, ribs, and spinal cord are anatomically adjacent structures, and their close relationships are clinically important for planning better corrective surgical approach. The objective is to identify the radiographic characteristics in surgical patients with congenital scoliosis (CS) and coexisting split cord malformation (SCM). METHODS A total of 266 patients with CS and SCM ...

PURPOSE Velo-cardio-facial syndrome (VCFS), the most common genetic syndrome causing cleft palate, is associated with internal carotid and vertebral artery anomalies, as well as upper airway asymmetry. Medially displaced internal carotid arteries, often immediately submucosal, present a risk of vascular injury during pharyngeal flap surgery for velopharyngeal insufficiency (VPI). We evaluate th...

UNLABELLED Craniovertebral anomalies are rare causes of vertebral artery dissection. Therefore, appropriate evaluation is necessary in vertebrobasilar strokes, specially in the young. This is particularly true for patients with vertebral stroke without risk factors. RESULTS Here we report a 24-year-old male presenting with posterior circulation infarcts. The patient had no obvious vascular ri...

Duplication of penis has been reported to occur once in every 5 to 6 million live births.[1] It presents as duplication of only glans to complete duplication of the phallus and usually associated with other anomalies like bifid scrotum, double bladder, vertebral anomalies and ano-rectal malformations etc.[2] With this backdrop, herein we present a newborn with complete duplication of the entire...

BACKGROUND Goldenhar syndrome (oculoauriculovertebral dysplasia) is a rare congenital anomaly with unknown etiology and consists of non accidental association of hemifacial microsomia, auricular anomalies, epibulbar dermoid and vertebral anomalies. Although some malformations are more frequent in infants of diabetic mothers, developmental defects of first and second branchial arch is not a comm...

The diagnostic procedures, indications for surgery and operative techniques for carotid artery occlusive diseases are well established, but still there is a lot of controversy regarding surgery of vertebral arteries (VAs), especially kinked VAs. Even more controversy exists about indications for surgical repair of different anomalies of VAs. The role of VAs in supplying blood to the brain and t...

OBJECTIVE Myelomeningocele may be isolated but more frequently is associated with other anomalies. Congenital heart disease occurs with different incidence rate in myelomeningocele which is observed more frequently with skeletal malformations. METHODS This study was undertaken in the Children's Hospital Medical Center between 2010 to 2012 to evaluate 75 myelomeningocele patients for cardiac a...

In a sample taken from Apipucos Reservoir (Recife, PE, Brazil) for taxonomic study, a high percentage (40%) was found of cladoceran Ilyocryptus spinifer individuals with morphological abnormalities on their postabdomen. There was not a fixed pattern of the malformations, which varied in gravity, and could affect the postanal spines or terminal claws. The postabdominal abnormalities are describe...

BACKGROUND VATER association was first described in 1972 by Quan and Smith as an acronym which identifies a non-random co-occurrence of Vertebral anomalies, Anal atresia, Tracheoesophageal fistula and/or Esophageal atresia, Radial dysplasia. It is even possible to find out Cardiovascular, Renal and Limb anomalies and the acronym VACTERL was adopted, also, embodying Vascular, as single umbilical...