This paper provides a mathematical analysis of the relationship between vernacular and for-malised derivations of programs; in particular, when the vernacular derivations deploy general recursion. We introduce a calculus VPD to represent vernacular derivations and a constructive theory of operations and types, EOT , to represent formal derivations. We provide an intensional semantics for VPD wi...

Vernacular place names are names that are commonly in use to refer to geographical places. For purposes of effective information retrieval, the spatial extent associated with these names should reflect peoples perception of the place, even though this may differ sometimes from the administrative definition of the same place name. Due to their informal nature, vernacular place names are hard to ...

This paper focuses on the relationship between Hakka vernacular architecture and its traditional environment knowledge. Generally speaking, many scholars and mass-media consider that Hakka vernacular architectures include codes of Central Plain’s culture such as ying-yang, tianrenheyi, fengshui affluently, because the Hakka ancestors are the Han nationality from Central Plain. However, accordin...

The paper presents the use of preposition za (?for?) in vernacular Eras from Eastern Bosnia, region delimited by rivers Drinjaca, Biostica and Krivaja, slopes Konjuh Romanija. enters constructions with accusative, instrumental genitive. content ample corpus data obtained listening to over 500 hours recorded speech indicated area points its closeness equivalence state idioms Herzegovina- Krajina...

To cope with the fast urbanisation and population growth, public private sector housing developments in Kuala Lumpur have prioritised high-rise apartment building. After decades’ massive development, this type became most dominant dwelling form city. For centuries, traditional Malay house has evolved to suit vernacular lifestyle, but now urban life mandates that people adapt themselves alien co...

Abstract About 800,000 of “Cube houses” which date back to the socialist era are still in use throughout Hungary. These houses considered be “outdated” and they bring not only energy but also social issues. This paper presents a refurbishment design solution for cube house, combining vernacular architecture with modern solutions within framework Solar Decathlon Europe 19 competition. The invest...

Iranian vernacular architecture has rich experiences in terms of coordinating with its surroundings. although, high energy consumption was one the major concerns past decades. According to statistics presented by Statistics Center, 40% country's is relevant construction industry. However, about 70% used solely for space heating and cooling. In meantime, windows have a significant influence on t...

Climate is one of the many factors such as socio-cultural structure, economy, materials, and technology that influence architectural forms. The resolutions that exist as a result of the effect of climate on architecture differ according to regions, cultures, time and technology. The climate in the Eastern Black Sea region, which lies in the north of Turkey, plays an active role in the formation...

‘Vernacular Architecture’, according to Kingston Heath, represents a localized response broad cultural systems, historical events, and environmentally determined regional forces, in short, an observable condition of dynamic environmental change accommodation expressed built form, whereby simultaneous identities exist (Heath 210). True this spirit dialogue with the environment, it can also be de...