AIM To investigate the efficacy of nasal high frequency ventilation (nHFV) in newborn infants with moderate respiratory insufficiency. METHOD Twenty one preterm and term neonates were treated with nHFV for respiratory insufficiency. Criteria for starting nHFV were: deterioration on nasal CPAP expressed by a median pH of 7.24 and pCO2 of 8.3 kPa, or increasing FIO2. nHFV was delivered using th...

BACKGROUND Continuous positive airways pressure (CPAP) and bilevel non-invasive ventilation may have beneficial effects in the treatment of patients with acute cardiogenic pulmonary oedema. The efficacy of both treatments was assessed in the UK emergency department setting, in a randomised comparison with standard oxygen therapy. METHODS Sixty patients presenting with acidotic (pH<7.35) acute...

Pulmonary gas exchange rates in eight patients after open heart surgery were studied during weaning from the ventilator. We investigated continuous positive pressure ventilation (CPPV), intermittent mandatory ventilation (IMV) and spontaneous breathing with continuous positive airway pressure (CPAP). During each mode of ventilation we measured: CO2 production (VCO2), O2 consumption (VO2), cardi...

ABSTRACT. Intensive care is expensive, and availability limited. Low- middle-income countries in particular have struggled to cope with the large influx of critically ill patients during COVID-19 pandemic. Noninvasive respiratory support devices delivering continuous positive airways pressure (CPAP) require less resource staff expertise compared invasive mechanical ventilators can be routinely ...

Fifty consecutive neonates with respiratory distress persisting beyond 6 h of age were studied during a 18 month period (total deliveries 2000/y). Twenty two neonates were managed with oxygen hood with increasing oxygen concentration, 28 with continuous positive airway pressure (CPAP) ventilation using a nasal cannula. Of these babies on CPAP, 10 were shifted to intermittent positive pressure v...

Noninvasive measurement of respiratory resistance during nasal ventilatory support could be useful to assess the mechanical status of the patient and to optimize the ventilator settings. The aim was to investigate whether the forced oscillation technique (FOT) applied through a nasal mask allows reliable noninvasive estimation of respiratory resistance (Rrs) in patients with severe chronic resp...

Complex sleep apnea is the term used to describe a form of sleep disordered breathing in which repeated central apneas (>5/hour) persist or emerge when obstructive events are extinguished with positive airway pressure (PAP) and for which there is not a clear cause for the central apneas such as narcotics or systolic heart failure. The driving forces in the pathophysiology are felt to be ventila...

A continuous, high flow gas was incorporated into the conventional intermittent mandatory ventilation (IMV) circuit attached to the pressure or volume cycled ventilator which had no built-in IMV mode. These created a continuous flow IMV-CPAP system. During the spontaneous breathing period, the gas flow was high enough to raise a 5-6 cm H2O CPAP level and cause minimal airway pressure fluctuatio...

The performance of four bilevel positive pressure preset ventilators was compared. The ventilators tested were; BiPAP ST30 (Respironics); Nippy2 (B + D Electrical); Quantum PSV (Healthdyne); and Sullivan VPAP H ST (Resmed). A patient simulator was used to determine the sensitivity of the triggering mechanisms and the responses to a leak within the patient circuit, and to changes in patient effo...