Buoyancy driven heat transfer of Cu-water nanofluid in a differentially heated square cavity with an inner adiabatic square baffle at different positions is studied numerically. The left and right walls of the cavity are at temperatures of Th and Tc, respectively that Th > Tc, while the horizontal walls are insulated. The governing equations are discretized using the finite volume method while ...

INTRODUCTION The aim of this study was to evaluate the effect of needle tip design on the irrigant flow inside a prepared root canal during final irrigation with a syringe using a validated Computational Fluid Dynamics (CFD) model. METHODS A CFD model was created to simulate the irrigant flow inside a prepared root canal. Six different types of 30-G needles, three open-ended needles and three...

Introduction: The main goal of the successful endodontics is the complete sterilization of the root canal space. During preparation, irrigants and debris such as bacteria, dentin fillings and necrotic debris may be extruded into the periradicular region leading to periapical inflammation and postoperative flare-ups. Several instrument designs and irrigation techniques have been developed to pre...

A numerical approach called “SIMPLER” is used to investigate the  flow and heat transfer characteristics in a square driven cavity. The two-dimensional incompressible Navier-Stokes equations were solved and the results are depicted as contour plots of stream function, vorticity, and total pressure for Reynolds numbers from 1 to 10000. At the higher values of Reynolds number, an inviscid core re...

The problem of pure thermovibrational flow in a two-dimensional square cavity containing viscoelastic liquid is investigated the framework numerical approach based on governing balance equations for mass, momentum, and energy their complete non-linear time-dependent form. For closure, these are complemented with transport equation elastic stress formulated using finitely extensible nonlinear Ch...