Studies of prokaryotic chromosome replication have focused almost exclusively on organisms with one chromosome. We defined and characterized the origins of replication of the two Vibrio cholerae chromosomes, oriCI(vc) and oriCII(vc). OriCII(vc) differs from the origin assigned by bioinformatic analysis and is unrelated to oriCI(vc). OriCII(vc)-based replication requires an internal 12 base pair...

In this paper, we study VC-minimal theories and explore related concepts. We first define the notion of convex orderablity and show that this lies strictly between VCminimality and dp-minimality. To do this we prove a general result about set systems with independence dimension ≤ 1. Next, we define the notion of weak VC-minimality, show it lies strictly between VC-minimality and dependence, and...

We will establish that the vc dimension of the class of d-dimensional ellipsoids is (d +3d)/2, and that maximum likelihood estimate with N -component d-dimensional Gaussian mixture models induces a geometric class having vc dimension at least N(d + 3d)/2.

The main purpose of this research is the study on effect of Financial and Operating Leverage and Venture Capital on Tobin's Q ratio amongst companies listed in Tehran Stock Exchange. In this research, the Holdings and Investment companies are used as statistical samples and 73 enterprises that are listed in Tehran Stock Exchange within 2001 to 2016 have been studied. The results driven by this ...

An aerobic enrichment culture was developed by using vinyl chloride (VC) as the sole organic carbon and electron donor source. VC concentrations as high as 7.3 mM were biodegraded without apparent inhibition. VC use did not occur when nitrate was provided as the electron acceptor. A gram-negative, rod-shaped, motile isolate was obtained from the enrichment culture and identified based on bioche...

Domestic animals, including ruminants, can synthesize vitamin C (VC) in their liver; as such, the dietary requirement for VC has not been confirmed in these animals. The adequacy of VC has been evaluated by quantifying VC levels in plasma, but the reported values in bovine plasma have been widely variable. Plasma VC concentration is decreased by heat stress, hepatic lesions, fattening, and infe...

Before development of an emission standard for vinyl chloride, the Environmental Protection Agency (EPA) conducted three programs to measure vinyl chloride (VC) concentrations in air around plants which either manufacture VC or use it. A brief monitoring survey conducted by EPA Regional Offices found VC in ambient air around poly(vinyl chloride) (PVC) production plants. As a consequence of this...

By the above definitions we know, ΠF (n) ≤ |F| ΠF (n) ≤ |2| Definition 1.2 (Shattering). A hypothesis class F shatters a finite set S ⊂ X , iff |SF (S)| = 2|S| In an informal language, shattering means that you have to be able to separate all +/labelings of the same set of points, given the function class. We want to bound Rademacher average using a function of VC-dimension. Lemma 1.1. Let F be...