1. Rest and equilibrium length muscle sarcomeres are composed of thin filaments (actin) which traverse the sarcomeres from the Z membranes up to the H band; at this level the filaments are considerably thicker and less numerous. 2. Shortening of muscle is associated with a transformation of thin into thick filaments in the A band. 3. These observations are discussed in terms of interaction of a...

Age structure of the Caspian Sea anchovy kilka, Clupeonella engrauliformis, was estimated for the first time by back-calculation methods. Otolith growth and the rate of increment in anchovy kilka were examined to determine whether otoliths could be used to back calculate body sizes at various life stages. Sampling was carried out on commercial fishing vessels board along the Iranian coast in 20...

Subsequent to phytochemical investigation on scutellaria lateriflora (Labiatae) from Mazandaran provincein Iran, the wax ester fraction of the leaves has been investigated. Using TLC, CC GLC and GLC-MS, the alkyl esters of the epicuticular wax was analysed. Total concentration of the esters was 35% and it was shown to be composed of a homologous series having various chain lengths in the ra...

The aerospike engine was first devised in the early 1960s where it provided new means of reaching orbit a single stage. paper aimes to demonstrate viability technology by showcasing increased nozzle thrust efficiency over conventional bell nozzle. Various truncations were applied and each subjected two conditions, an over-expansion near optimum condition. contour developed using simple approxim...

Age structure of the Caspian Sea anchovy kilka, Clupeonella engrauliformis, was estimated for the first time by back-calculation methods. Otolith growth and the rate of increment in anchovy kilka were examined to determine whether otoliths could be used to back calculate body sizes at various life stages. Sampling was carried out on commercial fishing vessels board along the Iranian coast in 20...