The aims of this study were to determine the prevalence and antibiotic resistance of Staphylococcus aureus isolated from bovine clinical mastitis in Varamin, Tehran Province, Iran. All of the isolated Staph. aureus were identified by morphology and culture and confirmed using the API Staph identification system (bioMérieux, Marcy-l'Étoile, France). Antibiotic resistance genes were detected by P...

Two new studies reveal the role of microtubule polarity in the asymmetric localization of mRNAs. In this issue of Cell, Zimyanin et al. (2008) show that the asymmetric localization of oskar mRNA in fruit fly oocytes results from a slight bias in the direction of its transport. Meanwhile, Messitt et al. (2008) reporting in Developmental Cell find a subpopulation of microtubules that is critical ...

We exploit historical data on planned highways, railroads, and exploration routes as sources of exogenous variation, in order to estimate the effect of interstate highways on regional innovation: a 10% increase in a region?s stock of highways causes a 1.7% increase in regional patenting over a five-year period. In terms of the mechanism, we report evidence that roads facilitate local knowledge ...

Summary The distance that excitons can travel is a key parameter for organic photovoltaic materials. In the August issue of Science Advances, Sneyd and colleagues report breakthrough in increasing exciton diffusion length to 300 nm by using highly ordered nanofibers. This approach enable simpler more stable solar cells.

For two points p and q in the plane, a straight line h, called a highway, and a real v > 1, we define the travel time (also known as the city distance) from p and q to be the time needed to traverse a quickest path from p to q, where the distance is measured with speed v on h and with speed 1 in the underlying metric elsewhere. Given a set S of n points in the plane and a highway speed v, we co...

is one of ten regional units mandated by Congress and established in Fall 1988 to support research, education, and training in surface transportation. The UC Center serves federal Region IX and is supported by matching grants from the U.S. Department of Transportation, the California Department of Transportation (Cattrans), and the University. Based on the Berkeley Campus, UCTC draws upon exist...

Horizontal alignment is a major roadway characteristic used in safety and operational evaluations of many facility types. The Highway Safety Manual (HSM) uses this characteristic in crash prediction models for rural two-lane highways, freeway segments, and freeway ramps/C-D roads. Traffic simulation models use this characteristic in their processes on almost all types of facilities. However, a ...