VNS implantation devices consist of a titanium-encased generator about the size of a pocket watch with a lithium battery to fuel the generator, a lead wire system with electrodes, and an anchor tether to secure leads to the vagus nerve. The battery life for the pulse generator is "between 1 [and] 16 years, depending on the settings [ie how strong the signal being sent is, the length of time the...

The experiments that have been reported indicate that stimulation of either the right vagus or the left vagus nerve is equally effectual in blocking impulses from the auricles to the ventricles when auricular fibrillation is present. Stimulation of the left vagus nerve is as effectual in blocking impulses from the normally beating auricles as from the auricles when in a state of fibrillation, a...

OBJECTIVES Vagal pathways in gastrointestinal tract are the most important pathways that regulate ischemia/reperfusion (I/R). Gastrointestinal tract is one of the important sources of melatonin production. The aim of this study was to investigate probable protective effect of the interaction between vagus nerve and melatonin after I/R. MATERIALS AND METHODS This study was performed in male ra...

We determined the extent of convergence of preganglionic fibers from the right and left vagus nerves on postganglionic neurons that supply the sinoatrial node in chloralose-anesthetized dogs. We administered hemicholinium-3 and stimulated the right vagus nerve at a high frequency to deplete acetylcholine from the postganglionic parasympathetic neurons supplied by that nerve. We compared the eff...

thyroid hoemones effect gastric acid and pepsin secretion.however exact machanism(s) are not clear.this study was performed to compare the effect of vagal stimulation on acid an pepsin secretion in hypothyroid,hyperthyroid and control rars.each group consisted of 8 male and female rats(N-mari) weighing 246+_9 gr.hypo and hyperthyroid states were induced by administretion of methimazol (50mg/l i...

Treatment-resistant depression affects at least 1-3% of the US population. This article reviews the current state of focal neuromodulation therapies for treatment-resistant depression, focusing on those treatments published clinical data. These include transcranial magnetic stimulation, transcranial direct current stimulation, magnetic seizure therapy, vagus nerve stimulation, direct cortical s...

OBJECTIVES To develop the first high-resolution, multi-scale model of cervical non-invasive vagus nerve stimulation (nVNS) and to predict vagus fiber type activation, given clinically relevant rheobase thresholds. METHODS An MRI-derived Finite Element Method (FEM) model was developed to accurately simulate key macroscopic (e.g., skin, soft tissue, muscle) and mesoscopic (cervical enlargement,...

Vagus Nerve Stimulation Electrical stimulation of the 10th cranial nerve or vagus nerve stimulation (VNS) has become a valuable option in the therapeutic armamentarium of adults and children with refractory epilepsy. Since its introduction in 1989 over 50,000 patients have been treated with VNS worldwide. Efficacy, side effects and tolerability have been extensively studied. The precise mechani...

Unit activity evoked by electrical stimulation of the aortic and vagus nerves was recorded in the dorsal motor nucleus and nucleus solitarius of unanesthetized rabbits. Cardioinhibitory cells which showed antidromic activation to stimulation of the vagus nerve and synaptic activation to stimulation of the aortic nerve were localized in lateral dorsal motor nucleus 0.5-0.8 mm anterior of the obe...