In this paper, we investigate two major immunization strategies, random immunization and targeted immunization, of the susceptible-infected (SI) Model on the Barabási-Albert (BA) networks. For the heterogenous structure, the random strategy is quite ineffective if the vaccinated proportion is quite small, while the targeted one which prefers to vaccinate the individuals with the largest degree ...

Introduction COVID-19 disproportionally affects U.S. Hispanic and Latinx individuals. Guided by the Health Belief Model, we examined beliefs among adults in Virginia. Method Respondents ( n = 414) were and/or Virginia recruited via Qualtrics panel between May September 2021. Approximately two-thirds completed survey English (63.0%), one-third Spanish (37.0%). Results Most respondents self-repor...

The effectiveness of influenza vaccination programmes is seldom known during an epidemic. We developed an internet-based system to record influenza-like symptoms and response to infection in a participating cohort. Using self-reports of influenza-like symptoms and of influenza vaccine history and uptake, we estimated vaccine effectiveness (VE) without the need for individuals to seek healthcare...

nowadays, the presence of hbv dna in the absence of hbsag; occult hepatitis b infection; (obi), is a known clinical entity along with the rapid influx of research being conducted on  its clinical relevance. biologists and clinicians alike have a recent-standing interest in this regards. obi has been described in several clinical settings. however, the data on its prevalence among immunized and ...

CONTEXT The attenuated, tissue-cultured, third-generation smallpox vaccine LC16m8 was administered to vaccinia-naive infants in Japan during the 1970s without serious adverse events. It is a good candidate for use as part of a prevention plan for bioterrorism. OBJECTIVE To assess the immunogenicity and frequency of adverse events of LC16m8 vaccine in unvaccinated and previously vaccinated adu...

Patients with covid-19 have an abnormal coagulation function and the association between D-dimer levels severity of COVID-19 is unclear. The study aimed to explore COVID-19, influencing factors, in vaccinated unvaccinated individuals. In a retrospective study, all patients who are SARS-CoV-2 RNA PCR positive were assessed detailed vaccine history laboratory findings collected. Data analysed usi...

All current seroassays using cultured Borrelia burgdorferi as their antigen source have been rendered obsolete by the recombinant OspA Lyme disease vaccine. OspA is the major outer surface protein expressed in cultured B. burgdorferi, and any seroassay that uses whole organisms as its antigen source cannot differentiate between subjects who received the vaccine and those who were naturally infe...

Although high measles, mumps, and rubella (MMR) vaccination coverage has been successful in dramatically reducing mumps disease in the United States, mumps (re)infections occasionally occur in individuals who have been either previously vaccinated or naturally infected. Standard diagnostics that detect virus or virus-specific antibody are dependable for confirming primary mumps infection in imm...

The magnitude, quality, and maintenance of immunological memory after infection or vaccination must be considered for future design of effective influenza vaccines. In 2009, the influenza pandemic produced disease that ranged from mild to severe, even fatal, illness in infected healthy adults and led to vaccination of a portion of the population with the adjuvanted, inactivated influenza A(H1N1...

BACKGROUND Pneumococcal disease caused by Streptococcus pneumoniae has a high morbidity rate in elderly individuals aged 65 or older. Previous studies have demonstrated that low vaccination rates with the 23valent pneumococcal polysaccharide vaccine (pneumovax) are due to a lack of awareness and knowledge about the vaccine in the general population. This study measured the association between t...