[1] Data on the distribution of the partial pressure of CO2 (pCO2) were obtained during six cruises off the Galician coast, a region characterized by a seasonal upwelling. The values of pCO2 over the continental shelf are highly variable and range between 265 and 415 matm during the upwelling season and between 315 and 345 matm during the downwelling season. Both the continental shelf and off-s...

Dinoflagellate blooms in coastal upwelling systems are restricted to times and places with reduced exchange and mixing. The Rías Baixas of Galicia are four bays in the NW Iberian upwelling with these characteristics where harmful algal blooms (HABs) of dinoflagellates are common. These blooms are especially recurrent at the end of the upwelling season, when autumn downwelling amplifies accumula...

A Lagrangian approach based on a physical-biogeochemical modeling was used to compare the potential transfer of cadmium (Cd) from natural and anthropogenic sources to plankton communities (Cd-uptake) in the North-West African upwelling. In this region, coastal upwelling was estimated to be the main natural source of Cd while the most significant anthropogenic source for marine ecosystem is prov...

The 40-yr ECMWF Re-Analysis (ERA-40) data are analyzed to demonstrate that wave forcing at lower latitudes plays a crucial role in driving the tropical upwelling portion of the Brewer–Dobson circulation. It is shown that subtropical wave forcing is correlated with tropical upwelling on both intraseasonal and interannual time scales when transient waves are taken into account, and that tropical ...

Volcanic hotspots and mid-ocean ridge spreading centers are the surface expressions of upwelling in Earth's mantle convection system, and their interaction provides unique information on upwelling dynamics. I investigated the influence of the Iceland hotspot on the adjacent mid-Atlantic spreading center using phase-delay times of seismic surface waves, which show anomalous polarization anisotro...

Excess nitrogen gas (Nxs 2 ) was measured in samples collected at six locations in the eastern and western sub-basins of the Cariaco Basin, Venezuela, in September 2008 (non-upwelling conditions) and March 2009 (upwelling conditions). During both sampling periods, Nxs 2 concentrations were below detection in surface waters, increasing to ∼ 22 μmol N kg−1 at the oxic–anoxic interface ([O2]<∼ 4 μ...

Two consecutive summer upwelling events, each lasting for less than 24 h, were surveyed in high temporal and vertical resolution close to the Boknis Eck time-series station (BE) in the western Belt Sea (Baltic Sea) in summer 2010 with an autonomous glider. Driven only by moderate offshore winds both events resulted in more than 5 K cooling of surface waters, while only for the second event were...

We investigated upwelling variability along the western coast of the Iberian Peninsula for the period 1948−2009 by means of wind data extracted from the NCEP/NCAR reanalysis project. According to most previous studies, a remarkable weakening in upwelling intensity has been observed in the area. However, the observed linear trends are highly dependent on the length of the series. Here we show ho...

During the OPUS (Organization of Persistent Upwelling Structures) study of the upwelling center at Point Conception, California, large (380 liter) plastic shipboard enclosures (barrels) were tested as experimental tools to study phytoplankton processes in isolation from variability in circulation and grazing. Barrels were filled with water from the upwelling center during different stages of th...

To identify and quantify upwelling and freshwater influences in contrasting tropical ecosystems, we performed stable isotope analyses (δ13C and δ18O) on 13 serially-sampled modern Conus shells collected from coastal waters in the southwestern Caribbean (SWC, non-upwelling) and gulfs of Chiriquí (nonupwelling) and Panama (upwelling) in the tropical eastern Pacific (TEP). Most shells reveal seaso...