OBJECTIVES This study explores the analytic implications of using questions about difficulty with daily activities that do not specify whether to consider assistance. METHODS For 1,054 Asset and Health Dynamics of the Oldest Old Study Wave 2 respondents, we compared responses to questions about difficulty without reference to assistance (ambiguous difficulty) to those about difficulty without...

conclusions an extremely rare condition, a spontaneous intracranial pneumocephalus with skull base defect origin could be considered as a possible diagnosis in patients with sudden and severe headache. we can safely conclude that medical treatment and close follow-up is an effective mode of therapy in this patient. introduction spontaneous pneumocephalus without any pathological condition is ve...

Objective: The widespread use of imaging methods increases the diagnosis and incidence cholelithiasis. In recent years, management patients with cholelithiasis has improved significantly owing to significant advances in surgical endoscopic intervention. Materials Methods: Between February 2015 January 2018, data who underwent ERCP at our institution were collected prospectively analyzed retrosp...

Edema is a rare complication induced by insulin therapy, which is mostly developed after initiation or intensification of insulin treatment in diabetic patients. Edema can either be localized or generalized. Our patient was a 34-year-old woman with type 2 diabetes. She was under treatment with oral agents medication, but recently insulin therapy was initiated for her due to inability to control...

This is a retrospective study on clinical course and treatment response of patients with thyroid hot nodule, referred to nuclear medicine department of Shariati Hospital from 1360 to 1377. From the total 58 patients with average age of 43 yr and incidence peak of 40 yr, 81% were female and 19% were male. 64% of the patients were thyrotoxic and 36% were euthyroid at presentation. Thyrotoxi...

Bottom-up synthesis of cubosomes is more energetically favourable than top-down approaches. However, bottom-up methods often rely on organic solvents such as ethanol diluents, and lead to concurrent formation liposomes. We propose using non-toxic diluents honey, glycerol lactic acid for cubosome synthesis. Cubosomes were prepared solutions phytantriol in a range including choline chloride-glyce...

Skew Dyck paths without up–down–left are enumerated. In a second step, the number of contiguous subwords ‘up–down–left’ counted. This explains and extends results that were posted in Encyclopedia Integer Sequences.