Posterior urethroplasty is the most common strategy for the treatment of post-traumatic urethral injuries. Especially in younger patients, post-traumatic injuries are a common reason for urethral strictures caused by road traffic accidents, with pelvic fracture or direct trauma to the perineum. In many cases early endoscopic realignment is the first attempt to restore the junction between proxi...

The testing effect is the phenomenon that testing enhances memory for previously studied content. Memory is particularly enhanced for items successfully retrieved during testing. Three experiments investigated the effects of testing before studying a time when participants were unlikely to successfully retrieve content. Participants read excerpts from an essay on vision. They were either asked ...

background: in vitro fertilization (ivf) and intra cytoplasmic sperm injection (icsi) are recognized as established and increasingly successful forms of treatment for infertility, yet significant numbers of couples discontinue treatment without achieving a live birth. this study aims to identify major factors that influence the decision to discontinue ivf/icsi treatments. materials and methods:...

Two hundred and eight cases of failed dacryocystorhinostomy presenting to the Lacrimal Clinic at Moorfields Eye Hospital between 1970 and 1985 were reviewed. All cases underwent a further operation. The reasons for failure were usually apparent on reoperation. The surgical technique is described. A second dacryocystorhinostomy is a highly successful technique that spares both patient and surgeo...

The Merci retrieval system is a useful modality for the recanalization of acute cerebral artery occlusion. However, it remains unclear whether the tortuosity of the middle cerebral artery (MCA) plays a role in successful recanalization. In this study, we investigated the association between the shape of the horizontal MCA segment (M1) and successful recanalization using the Merci retrieval syst...

introduction. student dropout in medical colleges is a significant problem unless is controlled. it will result in shortages exacerbation of qualified physicians that may occur in future years. methods. a retrospective study was done for evaluation of student dropout risk factors. the students, according to the average grade of university, were classified into two groups (successful – unsuccess...

Polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS) is the most frequent endocrine disorder in women of reproductive age. In 2006 the Japanese Society of Obstetrics and Gynecology (JSOG) proposed new, revised diagnostic criteria that in the future could also be valued internationally. Based on the new diagnostic criteria, the JSOG has also proposed the revised treatment criteria in 2008. In PCOS obese patients de...