Abstract Automation creates winners and losers. By examining establishment-level panel data, we explore how labour unions affect labor adjustment associated with automation. Although automation can increase new hires of junior unskilled production workers, the presence neutralizes these effects. The results suggest that have incentives to protect incumbent workers negatively affected by

Rodrik (2018) hypothesises that technology used in global value chains (GVCs) is biased against the use of unskilled workers. To test this hypothesis, we introduce a GVC production function which final output produced by means factor inputs from all countries participate GVC. In contrast, previous studies only consider one stage using single country. We derive substitution elasticities and labo...

1 ABSTRACT High and growing rates of unemployment have been a source of great frustration to policy-makers. Although exports have been buoyant and the 1990s has been the first decade of sustained growth, unemployment has been rising by 2 percentage points each year. If the expanded definition is used, the rate of unemployment reached 41.8% in September 2002. In a context where the majority of t...

The theory of international trade suggests that free trade will raise national income. It does not, however, suggest that the incomes of all factors of production will rise. Indeed, Stolper and Samuelson (1941) showed that the removal of import barriers could lower the income of the factor of production used relatively intensively in the production of imported products. Therefore, if OECD impor...

The Labour Market Characteristics and Labour Market Impacts of Immigrants in Ireland The purpose of this paper is two-fold. We firstly produce a labour market profile of non-Irish immigrants who arrived in Ireland in the ten years to 2003. We then go on to use the labour market profile in estimating the impact of immigration (non-Irish) on the Irish labour market. Immigrants are shown to be a h...

Kishor Goswami Abstract The Multi-Fibre Agreement (MFA) of 1974 has been replaced by the Agreement on Textile and Clothing (ATC) in 1994. The new agreement eliminates all remaining textile and clothing quota restrictions from developing countries by 1 January 2005 and thus infuses more competition among countries such as China, India, Bangladesh, Sri Lanka, Vietnam, etc., to increase market sha...

The impact of migrants on the host country’ s wages has been an important issue for policy makers and has attracted much research attention. Since no consistent conclusion has been reached regarding this impact, the debate over immigration policy continues in many countries. This paper constructs a theoretical dynamic general equilibrium model by which the transitional and long-run effects of a...

OBJECTIVE To determine underlying risk factors in neonates with hypoxic ischemic encephalopathy. STUDY DESIGN Case-control study. PLACE AND DURATION OF STUDY Neonatology Unit at the Children's Hospital and the Institute of Childhealth, Lahore, from March to July 2005. PATIENTS AND METHODS All neonates (153) with the diagnosis of Hypoxic Ischemic Encephalopathy (HIE) were included in the s...

The study assessed the impact of unskilled labour on waste product management in West 'B' municipality Zanzibar. sample size was 139 respondents, and a cross-sectional research design involving quantitative approach applied. data were collected by using questionnaires. Multiple regressions used to analyse data. findings show that collection, labours do not have any products as it scored 0.542 h...