In Wyeth v. Levine, decided in March, 2009, the United States Supreme Court concluded that the plaintiff's failure to warn claim against the makers of the drug Phenergan was not impliedly preempted by the Food, Drug and Cosmetic Act. In doing so, the Court rejected the argument of the U.S. Food and Drug Administration (FDA) that tort claims of this nature stand as an obstacle to federal regulat...

Responsibility and accountability of CEOs has been a major ethical concern over the past 10 years. Major ethical dilemmas at Enron, Worldcom, AIG, as well as other well-known organizations have been at least partially blamed on CEO malfeasance. Interviews with Ken Lay, CEO of Enron, after his 2006 fraud convictions provides an opportunity to document his perceived role in the demise of Enron. P...

The Supreme Court ruling Sell v. United States in 2003 (539 U.S. 166) set a new precedent by mandating federal judges function as decision makers on the issue of whether "nondangerous" incompetent defendants charged with federal crimes can be involuntarily medicated to restore their competency to stand trial. To provide data to inform future opinions by mental health professionals and decisions...

INTRODUCTION ................................................................................... 613 I. THE THIRD-PARTY DOCTRINE AND SUBSTITUTION EFFECTS .................................................................................... 614 II. DESCRIPTIVE PROBLEMS WITH SUBSTITUTION EFFECTS .... 616 A. Criminal Motivation: The Supreme Court and Substitution Effects ..............................

There are many views on how human decision makers behave. In this work, the Justices of the United States Supreme Court will be viewed in terms of constrained maximization and cognitivecybernetic theory. This paper will integrate research in such fields as law, political science, psychology, economics and decision making theory. It will be argued that due to its heavy workload, the Supreme Cour...