Recently, the National Labor Relations Board (the “NLRB” or “Board”) issued three highly anticipated opinions following the Supreme Court’s decision in NLRB v. Kentucky River Community Care, Inc. , 1 involving the definition of the term “supervisor” under the National Labor Relations Act (the “NLRA” or “Act”). The Board’s decisions, which have been referred to as “the Kentucky River decisions,”...

This paper analyses the continued decline of trade unions in Britain and examines the possible implications for workers, employers, and unions themselves. Membership of trade unions declined precipitously in the 1980s and 1990s. The rate of decline has slowed in the most recent decade, but we find that unions remain vulnerable to further erosion of their membership and influence. Acknowledgemen...

A unionized duopoly model to analyse how unions affect the incentives for merger is considered. It is found that both firms will merge if and only if unions are weak. However, once surplus-maximizing unions have the option to delegate the wage bargaining to wage-maximizing delegates (such as senior union members), both firms may have incentives to merge even if the union bargaining power is str...

We develop a bounded version of the nite injury priority method in recursion theory. We use this to study the learnability of unions of rectangles over the domain f0; : : :; n? 1g d with only equivalence queries. Applying this method, we show three main results: (1) The class of unions of rectangles is polynomial time learnable for constant dimension d. (2) The class of unions of rectangles who...

Exposure of epidermal keratinocytes to UVB radiation leads the intracellular formation tryptophan photoproducts which subsequently activate aryl hydrocarbon receptor (AHR) induce mal-/adaptive stress responses. Previously, we have found that AHR represses nucleotide excision repair and apoptosis in UVB-irradiated thereby contributes skin photocarcinogenesis mice. The mechanisms by interferes wi...

Credit unions are small, cooperative, not-for-profit institutions, which distinguishes them from other financial intermediaries. In this study we conduct a performance evaluation of credit unions. The criteria respect the unique organizational and institutional features of credit unions, without losing sight of the fact that they must compete with other financial intermediaries. We use nonparam...

This study was conducted in 2004 to evaluate the prevalence of hepatitis B (HBV), hepatitis C (HBC) and human immunodeficiency (HIV) virus infection in 133 injecting drug users (IDUs) attending a voluntary rehabilitation centre in Shahr-e-Kord, and to identify risk factors for these infections in this group. Serum samples were screened for HBV, HCV and HIV infection. Only 1 participant (0.8%) w...

Anecdotal evidence suggests that trade unions succeed in ameliorating workplace health and safety, but no attempt has been made to link specific workplace injury rates with a respective union presence. Relying on WERS98, this paper establishes a cross-sectional link between trade unions and occupational injury rates, revealing that unions gravitate to accident-prone workplaces and react by redu...

Studies have shown that intimate partner violence (IPV) is associated with poor mental health. But, does women's, and specifically mother's, mental health improve after leaving a union marked by IPV? We used two waves of the Fragile Families and Child Well-Being Study (n = 2610) to examine the association between IPV as measured by controlling and violent behaviors, and maternal mental health a...